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Social - Elderly "ignored" in UK Care system
Updated: 23 Feb 2012
Elderly ‘ignored’ in UK care system Wed Feb 22, 2012 5:40PM GMT
While over two million older people in England need care, only around 400,000 of those live in care homes.
Campaigners have urged NHS practitioners to treat elderly patients with respect as it was revealed that they are treated like 'objects' in the current British healthcare system.
In a letter published in the Daily Telegraph, a group of politicians, regulators and charities called for NHS nurses and care workers to sign a 'Dignity Code' drawn up by the National Pensioners’ Convention, promising to treat pensioners with dignity.
Urging hospitals and care homes to agree a set of common standards of care to prevent cases of neglect and abuse, they warned that British pensioners are being spoken down to, prevented from taking decisions, and denied privacy and the best medical treatment.
"For too long, too many of those people have been ignored, denied the basic right to speak for themselves or make up their own mind," the letter warned.
"In this era of human rights, too many older people have seen their basic human dignity undermined in situations where they are treated as objects rather than people,” states the letter signed by 21 public figures.
Recently, a committee of MPs warned that around 1.20 million British elderly people are treated as “parcels” passed around a disorganized healthcare system that is dealing with spending cuts.
Gary FitzGerald, chief executive of the charity Action on Elder Abuse slammed standards of respect for elderly people in care for being deteriorated so badly over the last 10 years.
“When you are in an environment that degrades you every day in the little things, that you can’t escape from, that is death by a thousand cuts, that just destroys who you are, it is so humiliating or degrading, that’s what we have to deal with,” he added.
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Social- "Shopping for bargains beats romance" -makes us a sick and conditioned society
Updated: 20 Feb 2012
Bagging a bargain gets us more excited than watching football or even love at first sight
By Daily Mail Reporter
Last updated at 9:42 AM on 18th February 2012
Bagging a bargain in the shops gets us more excited than love at first sight, according to a scientific study.
Economic crisis and consumerism mean that retail opportunities now seem to set our pulses racing more than romance.
The experiment, carried out by neuropsychologists, found Britons respond with greatest excitement when shown discounted products.
Excitement levels hit their highest when participants in a study spotted a good bargain compared to an array of other stimulants and luxury goods
A number of results confounded expectations, such as women preferring £150 off a washing machine to the Hollywood heart throb Ryan Gosling.
Watching football was found to produce an average heart rate 14 per cent lower than being shown a ‘buy one get one free’ deal.
Women prefer £150 off a washing machine to actor Ryan Gosling, who was voted one of the sexiest men alive
And one female participant’s heartbeat reached 187 beats a minute when looking at a deal to save 85p on shower gel – a higher reading than riding a roller coaster.
The consumer behavioural study was carried out by leading neuropsychologist David Lewis to see how we respond to different price discounts and product offers.
In the experiment, sponsored by T-Mobile and carried out over three days, six men and six women were attached to chest monitors, skin conductors and eye-tracking equipment.
These recorded the physiological signs of excitement generated by the body.
Results showed that excitement levels hit their highest when participants spotted a good bargain.
Stimulants and luxury goods including the opposite sex, designer clothes, fashion accessories, expensive jewellery and sports cars had less effect.
‘We’ve measured excitement in all kinds of various situations from the build-up to a big sports match to driving a fast car,’ said Dr Lewis.
‘Yet when it came to getting a good deal, those were some of the highest levels we have seen.
‘Bagging a bargain was routinely shown to be more exciting than love at first sight – an experience that typically causes a peak in the physical symptoms of excitement shown in both men and women.’
Products marked half price or available on a ‘bogof’ deal generated the greatest level of excitement in men, quickening the pulse to nearly 90 beats a minute.
The prospect of a beer didn’t come close, with heart rates barely rising above the average resting rate of 75 beats a minute.
For women, the offer of Christian Louboutin shoes, Mulberry handbags and even a holiday with the girls couldn’t match the levels of excitement from getting a discount
Read more: http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/money/news/article-2102949/Bagging-bargain-gets-excited-watching-football-love-sight.html#ixzz1mtJdjUhG
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Social- Silver Surfers making up for lost time and time denied
Updated: 17 Feb 2012
Goldies - glamorous oldies - and Silver Surfers have never had it so good
The over-60s are the fastest growing group of online daters – that’s not surprising for this adventurous generation.
My friend Lorraine, 65, met the man of her dreams online and is, right now, cruising to Canada to meet his family. And my neighbour Donna, 66, web-linked up with her first love and ran away with him to Milton Keynes.
So no, it didn’t surprise me at all to read yesterday that the over-60s are the fastest growing group of internet daters. A survey by an American University in Ohio also found that people of this generation are realistic and honest in their profiles and photographs online. And not because they are naïve or disingenuous, but because they’re busy.
The co-author of the report, Dr Charlie Steele said: “Their attitude is, 'Don’t waste my time.’ They want to make a decision quickly and cut their losses, because they have learnt that life is too short for dating games.”
Yes, there might be occasional news stories about women of a certain age being parted from their life savings by plausible online fraudsters. But that can happen at any age. And we shop online for everything else, so why not love – at any age?
After all, members of my generation have always been adventurous. As the actor Bill Nighy said this week: “Despite being in my sixties, I love learning new things and being challenged.”
We must find a new way to describe this babyboomer generation. “Elderly” is the worst adjective. It is used for anyone over 65, but it is ugly, dowdy and implies incapacity. News reports have described “elderly” people chasing and catching muggers and confronting and reprimanding rioters. Why “elderly” - why not just “brave” people?
Oh, and please, can we ditch the word “silver” as a catch-all description of those of us in our seventh decade? I gritted my teeth when I read that Esther Rantzen was starting a helpline for mistreated oldies called Silverline. Isn’t that a railway network? And besides, forget grey and silver, many of us are actually going blonde, brunette or redhead – and lead seriously colourful lives to match.
So why, when the BBC airs stories about “older” people, are they accompanied by footage of age-spotted hands, clutching a zimmer frame, or a confused, lumpen group attempting line dancing, at snail’s pace. Have they never been to my Zumba class?
Now, I accept that good health is an essential ingredient to enjoying life as you get older. But having gone for the burn with Jane Fonda, jogged and yoga-ed our way through the past 20 years, stubbed out cigarettes and munched on muesli, this has got to be the fittest older generation ever. I cannot see my noisy, opinionated, confident contemporaries disappearing into care homes, dependence, isolation any time soon.
In fact, my friends and I are pooling our resources to buy the House of The Sinking Sun, as we call it – a big house where we can all live, with a nurse and housekeeper, when the time comes.
Our generation has changed the world – from music and sex to health and equal rights – and now we’re going to change attitudes to ageing.
Bullied by the Government who insists we sell our bigger houses and work until we drop, and with no chance of being looked after by the state in our extreme old age – unless we pay for it, of course – we’re not so much raging against the dying of the light, as rampaging against the patronising view that we’re past it.
As a comedy writer I believe the way to challenge any misconception is by humour. The Americans anticipated that over 25 years ago, with the magnificent comedy The Golden Girls. Four Miami matrons shared a house. Their stories and dramas were the same as any age group – dating, personal space, personality clashes – with the additional acknowledgment of the effects of old age. Remember raspy-voiced Dorothy advising flighty Blanche to look down onto a mirror? When Blanche recoiled at her wrinkled image, Dorothy observed: "That’s what you’ll look like from below. So don’t go on top.”
I’m not the only one who wants choice and dignity for her future. The novelist Deborah Moggach’s book These Foolish Things has just been filmed as The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel , in which a group of strangers, beguiled by an online advertisement, move into an Indian palace to live out their lives in comfort and freedom.
The Goldies – glamorous oldies – in the film include Dame Judi Dench, Bill Nighy and Celia Imrie. They have been talking publicly, and critically, about our country’s lack of care for older people. Other Goldies, such as Dame Helen Mirren and Joanna Lumley, have also spoken out. Yes, they may be famous, but there are millions like them among us – still working, still fit and still looking great. Indeed, gold is more valuable than silver: it increases in value with age and is highly desirable .
That’s certainly true of Bill Nighy. I wonder if he’s on a dating website?
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Social- More than "Equal Love rights" for All is needed.
Updated: 14 Feb 2012
Equal Love rights for those who want to be in love, whatever love is.
But I put it to you
It is going to take more than love.
The world is not a very nice place
And the people in it are not very nice to each other
I will put it even more succinctly
There are people in the world who are not very nice people
And if I have been too generous
Let me qualify that
There are some horrid people
There are some selfish people
And people who would think nothing of harming their fellow man
Without getting into the discussion about whether greed is inherent in man or whether he acquires it.
I want you to appreciate that we have two choices
Either opt out or try to change the world we live in for the better.
The problem is that while you are changing it you have to live in it.
Nelson Mandela had the answer for that
"The ideals we cherish, our fondest dreams and fervent hopes
may not be realised in our lifetime.
But that is beside the point.
The knowledge that in your day you did your duty, and lived up to the
expectations of your fellow men is in itself a rewarding experience and
magnificent achievement"
Nelson Mandela - Conversations with myself
----------------------------------------------------------------
However I am comforted by the fact that early settlements did live as Communes and this situation went on for hundreds of years.
Not until the Celts arrived as invaders, did the Iberians and those before need to defend themselves.
It is not difficult to see that when space is at a premium does conflict arise.
While there was sufficient and groups had surpluses to barter conflict was in fact counter productive.
Capitalism succeeded Feudalism and Socialism will succeed Capitalism.
There will then be a massive learning curve to recognise the need to share resources fairly.
I always use water to explain the theory.
If water was free and in some places it is.
People take just what they need
They don't wallow in it just because its free.
And the same goes for every other "commodity"
You can see we are going to need people who are good at producing,managing teaching and leading.
All should equally have the right to be counted.
An open letter to a friend !
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Social- Falling in Love makes men broody
Updated: 14 Feb 2012
Falling in love makes men broody
00:01 14 February 2012 by Linda Geddes
Falling in love really does make you broody – especially if you are a man.
Radical says - But its time to hold on to what is yours- 1. Money 2 Property 3. Common sense- Stay rational !
New lovers show greater activation of brain areas related to parental attachment when they see a baby than single people.
This was particularly pronounced in men, hinting that babies may be on their mind from the outset of a relationship.
Alternatively, "men may be worried about their partner's desire for children, and their increased attention to infant stimuli is based on apprehension and the need to be more guarded", says Ruth Feldman of Bar-Ilan University in Ramat Gan, Israel, who led the research.
Feldman's team used electroencephalography to monitor the brain activity of 65 volunteers, including new parents, new lovers and singles as they viewed pictures of infants – including the parents' own babies – along with neutral pictures.
When viewing unfamiliar babies, parents and new lovers showed greater activation of brain areas associated with parenting, such as the nucleus accumbens, anterior cingulate and amygdala, than singles.
The response was even greater in parents viewing their own child.
Mothers and male lovers showed slightly greater activation of these brain areas than fathers and female lovers (Biological Psychiatry, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.11.008).
"This suggests that even though the lovers don't know it, they are physiologically getting ready to respond to infants," says Helen Fisher of Rutgers University in New York, author of Why We Love.
It also overturns a common assumption that men are less interested in babies than women.
"It shows that we really don't understand men," says Fisher.
Personality counts
Fisher has just published the results of a survey of 6000 men and women in the US, which found that men are significantly more likely to make a long-term commitment with someone they didn't feel sexually attracted to if that person has all the other qualities they were looking for.
"Men fall in love faster than, and just as often as, women," says Fisher.
"They're more likely to want to move in and start a more socially visible relationship in the first year than women, and men are 2.5 times more likely to kill themselves when a relationship ends."
In a separate study, Feldman and her colleagues found that falling in love also appears to buffer people from negative emotions.
They showed 55 new lovers and 57 single people six video clips, including two selected to trigger positive emotions and two that would trigger negative emotions.
Electrodes were used to monitor the volunteers for signs of stress.
While single people showed signs of stress when watching the negative films, new lovers seemed to be unaffected by them (Emotion, DOI: 10.1037/a0024090).
"There is something about this euphoria of falling in love that is like a protective buffer, so we don't really respond to negative emotions," says Feldman.
This may have evolutionary significance: by suppressing negative emotions, new couples find it easier to form a trusting bond with one another.
"We need a calm state to allow ourselves to fall in love, otherwise there's no sense of safety," says Feldman.
"It shows that love is important and can reduce stress," adds Paul Zak of Claremont Graduate University in California.
He suggests that high levels of the hormone oxytocin, which has calming effects, are probably responsible.
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Social- Race abuse fan gets three year ban
Updated: 09 Feb 2012
Race abuse fan gets three year ban
Press Association – 3 hours ago Howard Hobson, 57, has been fined £200 and banned from football matches for three years for hurling racist abuse during a football match
A Manchester United fan who hurled racist abuse at a black player was today fined £200 and banned from football matches for three years.
Howard Hobson, 57, shouted numerous racial slurs and made monkey noises at Stoke City's Trinidad-born player Kenwyne Jones.
Hobson was in the North Stand at Old Trafford for the game against Stoke on January 31, Trafford Magistrates Court heard.
The defendant was asked to explain his actions by JPs after pleading guilty to a single charge of a racially aggravated public order offence.
"I'm not racist," he told the bench. "I have coloured people in my family and most of my best mates are coloured. I don't know what came over me.
I'm deeply sorry."
Eileen Rogers, prosecuting, told the court Hobson's behaviour was brought to the attention of club stewards at the match by a witness sitting near the defendant.
After the half-time interval when Hobson returned to his seat he was spoken to by stewards and taken away and then transferred to a police station in Salford.
Hobson, of Weaver Walk, Openshaw, Manchester, admitted making some comments about the Stoke player "in the heat of the moment" and accepted he used the words, "black bastard".
He said he could not remember using the words "w**" or "monkey" but accepted what the witness had reported him as saying.
Hobson was fined £200 and ordered to pay a £15 victim surcharge and £85 court costs.
The football banning order means he is not allowed to enter a football ground in England and Wales for three years or he could be arrested and he must surrender his passport when England play internationals abroad.
Greater Manchester Police said Hobson's ban would give him time to think about his "disgusting outbursts" and send a "clear message" against racism at football grounds.
Stretford-based Superintendent Jim Liggett said: "Hobson's racist tirade was a shocking reminder that there remain a tiny minority of football supporters who still think it is acceptable to abuse players just because of the colour of their skin.
I am grateful to the genuine football supporter who heard Hobson's abuse and quickly brought it to the attention of the stewards.
It is fans like this who are the true supporters of the game, not people like Hobson."
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Social- Thoughts on a benefits cap
Updated: 07 Feb 2012
Thoughts on a benefits cap
Authors: Robert Joyce
Institute of Fiscal Studies
This week, debate over the Government's Welfare Reform Bill has returned to the House of Commons.
An element that has grabbed a lot of attention is the proposed benefit cap for working-age households (excluding those claiming Disability Living Allowance or Working Tax Credit), which will be set at £350 per week for childless single people and £500 per week for other households.
This is now expected to affect about 67,000 households in Great Britain when implemented in 2013-14, reducing their benefit entitlement by an average of £83 per week and cutting the benefits bill by about £290 million in that year.
To put this in context, other planned cuts to welfare spending amount to about £18 billion per year by the end of this parliament, and will affect millions of working-age benefit recipients.
How could households be in receipt of more than £500 per week in benefits?
Put simply, they must have either a large number of children or high housing costs (or both).
A couple with four children and no private income would be entitled to about £373 per week in Jobseeker's Allowance, Child Benefit and Child Tax Credit.
If they paid rent of £127 per week or more (plausible rent levels for those who rent privately or are in social housing in London), a Housing Benefit claim to cover this would result in total benefit income of at least £500 per week.
A smaller family could also be affected by the cap if they live in a particularly high-rent area such as London and consequently claim a large amount of Housing Benefit (for an example, a 3-bedroom household who rent privately can claim up to £340 per week in Housing Benefit to cover their rent).
The Government's Impact Assessment estimates that 69% of households that will be affected have at least three children, and 54% live in Greater London (where rents are high).
So what will this policy achieve, apart from reducing state benefit payments to about 67,000 households with lots of children and/or high housing costs?
The Government has said that it hopes there will be two forms of behavioural response: families may move to cheaper accommodation to reduce their housing costs, and/or take up paid work because their out-of-work benefit entitlement will have been reduced.
A third possible form of behavioural response is in fertility rates, since the cap will effectively reduce state financial support for some large families (see here for previous IFS research on fertility and financial incentives).
If this were the main intended impact, though, one would expect to see the policy affecting only new claimants of child-contingent benefits.
A fourth possible behavioural impact is for fewer people to cohabit, since the benefits cap is to apply at the household level, and hence living apart could split benefits across households and mean that neither is subject to a cap.
This 'couple penalty' is presumably something the Government would not be keen on, as it has said that it wishes to reduce couple penalties in the tax and benefit system.
Crucially, is a benefits cap the best approach to take to deal with benefit payments that the Government deems excessive? If it thinks that the benefit system is giving some families a level of entitlement that is too high, it must believe that some benefit rates are inappropriately high.
The best-targeted response would surely be to change those benefit rates.
In this particular case, the logic underlying the Government's belief that no family should receive more than £500 per week in benefits would point towards cutting the amount families receive for having large numbers of children and/or reducing the value of housing costs against which people can claim Housing Benefit.
The apparent simplicity of instead just placing a cap on total benefit receipt might look appealing, and may well be politically expedient.
But it seems incoherent for a Government to set a system of benefits which it evidently thinks gives some families excessive entitlements, and to then attempt to 'right this wrong' with a cap.
If starting from scratch, this is surely not the approach one should want to take. And very shortly the Government will be starting from scratch - its planned Universal Credit is to replace almost all of the existing system of means-tested benefits and tax credits for those of working age.
If it has a view on the maximum reasonable level of benefit entitlement for these people, then it should design Universal Credit (and in particular, the child and housing cost additions within it) to reflect that view.
It is not clear what is gained from instead layering a cap on top of a system that is designed to allow higher payments.
The approach of tweaking particular benefit rates, rather than imposing a post hoc cap on total benefit receipt, would also force the Government to think carefully about (and be explicit about) the features of the current benefits system that it considers inappropriate.
Apart from improving the quality of its solution to the perceived problem, this may also improve the quality of wider debate about the issue.
After all, it would make it crystal clear what precisely the debate is about.
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Social- The Benefits of a Civilised Society
Updated: 04 Feb 2012
The benefits of a civilised society
• guardian.co.uk, Tuesday 31 January 2012 21.00 GMT
Today the welfare reform bill is expected to return to the Commons (Report, 30 January).
Under government plans, 670,000 households – two-thirds containing a disabled family member – would lose an average of £670 a year because they are deemed to have one or more additional bedrooms.
Separated parents or grandparents who use their extra bedroom to share the care of their children or grandchildren; families in which two same-sex teenage children have their own bedroom for privacy and study; foster parents with rooms occupied by foster children – many, despite having nowhere else to move to, will see their incomes cut if the bill passes unamended.
There is an alternative.
In December members of the House of Lords backed a cross-party amendment to exempt those families with just one additional bedroom where there are no alternative properties for them to downsize to.
For hundreds of thousands of families across the country this amendment could mean the difference between making ends meet and living in hardship.
That's why we are calling on MPs to ensure the government listens to the clear message sent by peers by allowing this compromise to stand.
David Orr Chief executive, National Housing Federation
Stephen Remington Chief executive, Action for Blind People
Michelle Mitchell Charity director, Age UK
Mark Atkinson Director of campaigns, policy and research, Ambitious about Autism
John Bibby Director of housing and community services, Association of Retained Council Housing
Douglas Edwardson Chair, Association of Local Authority Chief Housing Officers
Victoria Winkler Director, Bevan Foundation
Keith Smith Chief executive, British Institute for Learning Disabilities
Dana O'Dwyer Chief executive, Capability Scotland
Chris Jones Managing director, Care and Repair Cymru
Emily Holzhausen Director of policy and public affairs, Carers UK
Dave Adamson Chief executive, Centre for Regeneration Excellence Wales
Grainia Long Interim chief executive, Chartered Institute of Housing
Keith Edwards Director, Chartered Institute of Housing Cymru
Alan Ferguson Director, Chartered Institute of Housing Scotland
Alison Garnham Chief executive, Child Poverty Action Group
John Dickie Head, Child Poverty Action Group Scotland
Anne Houston Chief executive, Children 1st
Gillian Guy Chief executive, Citizens Advice
Susan McPhee Acting chief executive, Citizens Advice Scotland
Nick Bennett Chief executive, Community Housing Cymru
Srabani Sen Chief executive, Contact a Family
Paul Smee Director general, Council of Mortgage Lenders
Kennedy Foster Policy consultant, Council of Mortgage Lenders Scotland
Leslie Morphy Chief executive, Crisis
Joy Kent Director, Cymorth Cymru
Jeff Skipp Chief executive, Deafblind UK
Neil Coyle Director of policy, Disability Alliance
Rhian David Chief executive, Disability Wales
Julie Jennings Board member, Every Disabled Child Matters
Helen Dent Chief executive, Family Action
Cathy Ashley Chief executive, Family Rights Group
Fiona Weir Chief executive, Gingerbread
Jim Harvey Director, Glasgow and West of Scotland Forum of Housing Associations
Denise Murphy Interim chief executive, Grandparents Plus
Paul Gamble Chief executive, Habinteg
Chris James Chief executive, The Haemophilia Society
Matt Harrison Interim chief executive, Homeless Link
Bill Scott Manager, Inclusion Scotland
Terence Stokes Chief executive, Lasa
Anthea Sully Director, Learning Disability Coalition
Michael Smith Chief executive, Livability
Ian Welsh Chief executive, Long Term Conditions Alliance Scotland
Mark Goldring Chief executive, Mencap
Robert Meadowcroft Chief executive, Muscular Dystrophy Campaign
Deborah Jack Chief executive, National AIDS Trust
Mark Lever Chief executive, National Autistic Society
Ailsa Bosworth Chief executive, National Rheumatoid Arthritis Society
Christopher Williamson Chief executive, Northern Ireland Housing Associations
Satwat Rehman Chief executive, One Parent Families Scotland
Paul McCay Director of operations, Papworth Trust
Rebecca Gill Director of policy, campaigns and communications, Platform 51
Paul Jenkins Chief executive, Rethink Mental Illness Rights Advice Scotland directors Rights Advice Scotland
Joy Baggaley Acting chief executive, Riverside
Lesley-Anne Alexander Chief executive, RNIB
Richard Hawkes Chief executive, Scope
Maggie Kelly Co-ordinator, Scottish Campaign on Welfare Reform
Robert Aldridge Chief executive, Scottish Council for the Single Homeless
Martin Sime Chief executive, Scottish Council for Voluntary Organisations
Mary Taylor Chief executive, Scottish Federation of Housing Associations
Cllr Matt Kerr Chair, Scottish Local Government Forum Against Poverty
Sue Brown Head of public policy, Sense
Campbell Robb Chief executive, Shelter
Ceri Dunstan Public relations officer, Shelter Cymru
Graeme Brown Director, Shelter Scotland
Michael Gelling Chair, Tenants and Residents Organisations of England
Michelle Reid Chief executive, Tenant Participation Advisory Service (TPAS)
Graham Fisher Chief executive, Toynbee Hall
John Drysdale Director, TPAS Cymru
Lesley Baird Chief executive, TPAS Scotland
Brendan Barber General secretary, Trades Union Congress
Victor Adebowale Chief executive, Turning Point
Martin Cawley Chief executive, Turning Point Scotland
Keith Reed Chief executive, Twins and Multiple Births Association
Paul Nicolson Chair, Zacchaeus 2000 Trust
• We urge the government to extend the time limit proposed for some ill and disabled people receiving employment and support allowance.
We are extremely concerned that, if the welfare reform bill goes ahead in its current form, many thousands of people who are genuinely unable to work will be forced into unsuitable jobs or face poverty.
The new rules mean that after a year, many disabled people will have their support cut off if they have a partner who is working, even though they may have a very low wage.
This will place further distress and financial burden on people who are already facing multiple difficulties.
Worryingly, it also creates an incentive for partners to reduce their hours or drop out of the workplace entirely. In any civilised society, it's crucial the welfare system supports people who, because of illness or disability, are unable to work.
This arbitrary time limit has no clear evidence base.
It punishes some of society's most vulnerable people in our society and penalises people for having a partner in employment.
We urge MPs to support the Lords amendment to extend the time limit to at least two years and put an end to a short-sighted policy, which will cost us all in the long term.
Paul Jenkins CEO, Rethink Mental Illness
Dr Mark Baker Head of social research and policy, Action on Hearing Loss Gillian Guy
CEO, Citizens Advice Bureau
Paul Farmer CEO, Mind
Simon Gillespie CEO, Multiple Sclerosis Society
Mark Lever CEO, National Autistic Society
Lesley-Anne Alexander CEO, RNIB
• I would like to thank Felicity Lawrence for her excellent article revealing the true impact of the government's attacks on the unemployed and the low-paid (Hunger is being used to spur the idle to work, 31 January). I have been heavily involved in campaigning against Iain Duncan Smith's wholly immoral welfare "reforms", and this article was a sobering reminder not to get lost in rhetoric and focus on the true impact of the policies. If the benefit cap does progress unchecked then the reality of hunger being used as a weapon against the poor will become even more widespread, and there is no guarantee that all areas will have food banks for the desperate. There is an absolute moral responsibility for everyone with a conscience and a sense of social justice to do all we can to campaign against policies that attack the poor while making the rich even wealthier. Tim Matthews Luton, Bedfordshire
• Thanks to Felicity Lawrence for showing the re-emergence of hunger in Britain. During 50 years in welfare work, I have never seen the like. Our project in Easterhouse, Glasgow, gave out 650 Christmas parcels, which mainly consist of food. We have started planning the summer camps, which are needed more than ever. Yet some parents will have to cut down expenditure on essentials if they are to pay the already subsidised camp fees. I recall being with Iain Duncan Smith when he criticised New Labour for not reducing the gap between rich and poor. This year his children will enjoy an affluent lifestyle and more than enough food, in contrast to the needy children at the other end of the social scale. Bob Holman Glasgow
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Social-Gary Speed - Questions Questions ! "a couple of issues" - "death doesn't make sense"- Shearer
Updated: 31 Jan 2012
Gary Speed inquest: death doesn't make sense, says Shearer
Alan Shearer, the former England striker, has said the death of Gary Speed, the former Wales football manager, does not make sense.
Alan Shearer said he last saw Gary Speed at the BBC studios on the Saturday before he died
By Andy Bloxham
5:08PM GMT 30 Jan 2012
He said Gary Speed did not appear to be worried about anything when they last met, just hours before his former Newcastle United teammate was found dead.
In a written statement, Mr Shearer, who did not appear at the inquest in person, said they were good friends and told how their families had enjoyed holidays together.
When they met up they "let off steam and really enjoyed each other's company", he said.
On their most recent holiday, in August last year, Mr Shearer said Mr Speed was "more relaxed this year than I have ever seen him".
He added that he was aware of a "couple of issues" between Mr Speed and his wife on the holiday.
"My response was that is usual in a relationship that is so long-standing," the footballer said in his statement.
"I think he took the advice well as his words were that he was "going to give it a go" and "stick in there"."
Mr Shearer said he last saw Mr Speed at the BBC studios on the Saturday before he died.
"He seemed fine, laughing and joking," he added.
The pair talked about playing in an upcoming charity game and planned to meet up with their wives beforehand.
Then they watched the Stoke and Blackburn game together, "chatting away normally", Mr Shearer said.
"Gary didn't appear worried about anything," he added.
"Gary seemed to be enjoying his job as Wales manager and coped with the pressure well.
"He knew what it was like beforehand and some part of him liked to work under pressure.
"When I left the studio on that Saturday I expected to hear from him on the Monday.
"On Sunday I got the phone call telling me Gary had died. I didn't believe it.
"I was shocked. Gary is probably one of the last people out of my million friends to ever do that.
"I had only seen him the day before and he seemed fine, we had plans for the following week too.
"It just didn't and still doesn't make sense to me."
The coroner for Cheshire, Nicholas Rheinberg, recorded a narrative verdict.
He concluded that Mr Speed had died by hanging but added that it was not clear whether his death was accidental or intentional
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Social- Kicking the Elderly out of their "Castles" for the government incompetence !
Updated: 30 Jan 2012
State to help elderly downsize as Government tackles housing crisis
Elderly homeowners will be encouraged to downsize to smaller properties and allow councils to rent their homes to local families under Coalition plans to ease the nation’s housing crisis
Grant Shapps, the housing minister, said councils should offer to help pensioners move to more suitable accommodation to create space for families.
Local authorities would then take over responsibility for maintaining and renting the vacated properties at affordable rates, transferring any profit from the rental income back to the elderly person or their estate. The Government believes the proposal would provide support for the elderly to move without having to sell their homes at a time when there is a shortage of affordable housing for young families.
Research released last year estimated that 25million bedrooms in England were empty, largely because elderly couples do not move out of family homes to smaller properties.
The Radical says this is another hare-brained, sticking plaster scheme thought up by another Slash and Burn Tory Minister.
Instead of the Government building homes for young couples and low income families – ie Council accommodation, the Tories want OAP’s to give up their nice home to let the Council manage it, while they move into smaller accommodation.
The Government could create growth and thousands of jobs, by a policy of improving the countries infrastructure including building homes.
So the Council join the pits to become Estate Agents ?
The Council can't manage the homes they have so they flog them off to Housing Associations and Private Property firms
So we have a stagnant housing market and a shortage of housing and the elderly should make way ?
How about MP’s giving up second, third and fourth homes ?
How about restricting foreigners buying up half of London or anywhere else.
No foreigner should be allowed to own more than one home that he must live in.
And then there is the size of homes !
The palace could accommodate 100 families and the stately homes turned into flats ?
When my parents were ready to downsize they did so by selling one house and then moving into a smaller one (and immediately extended it.)
Not until they were unable to cope did they move into a Care home flat.
In my case I converted my home to allow me to take a lodger without losing too much privacy.
I could move into the “annexe” myself when I am past it and rent out the main house myself.
So a little box on the hillside for Minister Grant on retirement and my home is my castle!
And it is not always about the size of the accommodation.
What about the location, the garden and the neighbours, friends and relatives.
If the Minister gave assistance to create Granny Annexes on large properties and encouraged families to look after their Aged P’s and UK society to be less “independent” and more family minded then I could agree with him.
In most parts of the world the family unit is sacrosanct but ever since Tebbit told people to get on their bikes and successive governments have failed miserably to recognize that bringing employment to an area, which has lost its industry, keeps the community together and caring for each other.
Many houses are simply not big enough or constructed suitably to accommodate even a medium sized family let alone a "Granny or Grandad"
It’s a dog eat dog world for Minister Grant and its time for governments to understand the importance of an individuals wellbeing and leave old people to make their own decisions in their own time, after all unlike him they have a lifetime experience of it and less of the scatter brained ideas of our “dear” leaders.
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Social- Happiest is spending money or not spending it ?
Updated: 30 Jan 2012
Rise of the 'experience' shopper:
Happiness is what you do, not what you buy
Last updated at 1:22 AM on 28th January 2012
They say money doesn’t buy happiness – but maybe it depends how you spend it.
People who splash out on ‘experiences’ such as days out and concert tickets are happier than those who buy possessions, research shows.
Psychologists asked 9,600 people about their shopping habits, as well as questions to ascertain personality traits, values and life satisfaction.
Habitual 'experiential shoppers' reaped long-term benefits from their spending and reported greater life satisfaction
Extroverts and people who are open to new experiences tend to spend more of their disposable income on treats, such as concert tickets or a weekend away, rather than hitting the mall for material items.
These habitual 'experiential shoppers' reaped long-term benefits from their spending as they reported greater life satisfaction, according to the study led by San Francisco State University Assistant Professor of Psychology Ryan Howell.
For his latest study, Howell and colleagues surveyed nearly 10,000 participants, who completed online questionnaires about their shopping habits, personality traits, values and life satisfaction.
'We know that being an "experience shopper" is linked to greater wellbeing,' said Howell, whose 2009 paper on purchasing experiences, published in the Journal of Positive Psychology, challenged the adage that money can’t buy happiness.
'But we wanted to find out why some people gravitate toward buying experiences.
Participants’ personality was measured using the “Big Five” personality traits model, a scale psychologists use to describe how extroverted, neurotic, open, conscientious and agreeable a person is.
People who spent most of their disposable income on experiences scored highly on the 'extrovert' and “openness to new experience” scales.
'This personality profile makes sense since life experiences are inherently more social, and they also contain an element of risk,' Howell said.
'If you try a new experience that you don’t like, you can’t return it to the store for a refund.'
The authors suggest that it could be easier to change your spending habits than your personality traits.
'Even for people who naturally find themselves drawn to material purchases, our results suggest that getting more of a balance between traditional purchases and those that provide you with an experience could lead to greater life satisfaction and wellbeing.'
To further investigate how purchasing decisions impact well-being, Howell and colleagues have launched a website where members of the public can take free surveys to find out what kind of shopper they are and how their spending choices affect them.
Data collected through the 'Beyond the Purchase' website will be used by Howell and other social psychologists.
Graduate students in Howell’s Personality and Well-being Lab will use the site to study the link between spending motivations and well-being, and how money management influences our financial and purchasing choices
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Social- "200 million girls are missing"
Updated: 16 Jan 2012
It’s a girl: The three deadliest words in the world
It’s a girl, a film being released this year, documents the practice of killing unwanted baby girls in South Asia.
The trailer’s most chilling scene is one with an Indian woman who, unable to contain her laughter, confesses to having killed eight infant daughters.
The statistics are sickening. The UN reports approximately 200 million girls in the world today are ‘missing’.
India and China are said to eliminate more female infants than the number of girls born in the US each year.
Lianyungang in China has the worst infant gender ratio on record with 163 boys born for every 100 girls.
Taiwan, South Korea and Pakistan are also countries in which unwanted female babies are aborted, killed or abandoned.
Gendercide in South Asia takes many forms: baby girls are killed or abandoned if not aborted as foetuses.
Girls that are not killed often suffer malnutrition and medical neglect as sons are favoured when shelter, medicine and food are scarce.
Trafficking, dowry deaths, honour killings and deaths resulting from domestic violence are all further evils perpetrated against women.
This femicide has led the Geneva Centre for Democratic Control of Armed Forces to report in ‘Women in an Insecure World’ that a secret genocide is being carried out against women at a time when deaths resulting from armed conflicts have decreased.
The brutal irony of femicide is that it is an evil perpetrated against girls by women.
The most insidious force is often the mother in law, the domestic matriarch, under whose authority the daughter in law lives. Policy efforts to halt infanticide have been directed at mothers, who are often victims themselves.
The trailer shows tragic scenes of women having to decide between killing their daughters and their own well-being.
In India women who fail to produce sons are beaten, raped or killed so that men can remarry in the hope of procuring a more productive wife.
It is an oft-made argument that parental discrimination between children would end if families across south Asia were rescued from poverty.
But two factors particularly suggest that femicide is a cultural phenomenon and that development and economic policy are only a partial solution:
Firstly, there is no evidence of concerted female infanticide among poverty-stricken societies in Africa or the Caribbean.
Secondly, it is the affluent and urban middle classes, who are aware of prenatal screenings, who have access to clinics and who can afford abortions that commit foeticide.
Activists fear 8 million female foetuses have been aborted in India in the last decade.
The Chinese cultural bias towards male children is one exacerbated by the birth control policy.
India, however, poses a more complex problem where the primary cause is a cultural one.
Activists attribute a culture of valuing children by their economic potential to South Asia’s patriarchal social model in which men are the sole breadwinners.
Sons both carry the family name and work from a young age.
Daughter, on the other hand, impose the burden of a dowry before leaving the home upon marriage.
Strict moral codes, onerous cultural expectations and demanding domestic responsibilities are all forces that further subjugate women.
Dr Saleem ur Rehman, director of health services for the Kashmiri Valley, has conceded that a healthy male to female infant ratio in Kashmir in 2001 led him and his team to become complacent.
Since 2001, the ratio has dropped from 94.1 to 85.9 girls per 100 boys.
The solution, however, lies beyond merely holding officials to account.
The cultural root of the problem partially explains why an effective solution has eluded authorities. Legal prohibitions have proved ineffective. In India, dowries were outlawed 1961 and in 1994 the Prenatal Determination Act outlawed gender selective abortions.
Yet dowries remain a condition of marriage and action against unregistered or non-compliant clinics fail to intercept registered medical professionals performing illegal operations.
A crude supply and demand distinction can be drawn. Activists argue the demand for eliminating female fetuses is independent of the supply of illegal services. Only those that can afford to abort will do so.
Others simply kill or abandon female infants after birth.
This foeticide/infanticide equation will only skew towards the latter if the problem of illegal clinics and criminal doctors were solved.
In the New Statesmen, Laurie Penny explained that South Korea improved its infant gender ratio through a programme of education.
But is increasing the awareness of contraception, abortion laws and women’s rights a panacea?
No. Educational efforts insufficiently target the core cultural canker.
Similarly, economic policed designed to encourage development are necessary but insufficient.
Any improvement in living conditions is unlikely to offset the financial burden of raising a child and a dowry.
A solution therefore must be three-fold.
Policy efforts combatting poverty must be supplemented by legal prohibitions.
There must be an educational programme informing women of their rights.
Finally and most importantly, there must be a social and religions campaign aimed at destroying ossified cultural attitudes.
The distinction between, on the one hand a programme of economics and education and on the other a cultural campaign is not qualitative but quantitative.
The latter warrants a greater level of official engagement, allowing governments to actively discourage femicide rather than passively encouraging change.
A ‘secret genocide’ is a malaise in response to which government paternalism must surely be justified.
In Kashmir, officials have enlisted the help of social and religious leaders.
It is religious and social leaders that must reinforce legal prohibitions on dowries with campaigns attacking the social pressures of producing one.
And they must supplement information of women’s rights by persuading mothers to educate their daughters and to allow their daughters to work.
These cultural channels are best placed to begin to erode sexist cultural monoliths.
Tagged in: femicide, Gendercide, It’s a girl
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Social- And they said it wouldn't last- She was 17 -He was 50 - Married 5 years !
Updated: 05 Jan 2012
And they said it wouldn't last:
Girl, 17, who devastated mother by marrying biker aged FIFTY celebrates five years of wedded bliss
• Couple wed in secret ceremony despite families' outrage
• Kayley, 23, wants babies but Philip, 55, is about to become a GRANDDAD
By Deborah Arthurs Last updated at 5:29 PM on 4th January 2012 It is not the kind of relationship one expects to go the distance.
But today, a girl who married her 50-year-old biker lover in a secret civil ceremony has celebrated five years of marriage. Kayley Simock, now 23, was just 17 years old when she wed twice-divorced ex-roadie Philip Nash in 2007, a year after meeting him at a religious service where she was playing the guitar.
The pair, who have a staggering 32 year age gap between them, infuriated their families when they wed in secret after Kayley's family tried to put a stop to the relationship. Best friends: Philip and Kayley share a passion for motorbikes, and say their friendship has helped them stick at their marriage
The receptionist nearly destroyed her relationship permanently after refusing to stop seeing ex-roadie Nash. Yet six years since they first met, they say they are still very much in love. Their path has never run smooth. Kayley, from Stourbridge in the West Midlands is the primary breadwinner after Phil was injured in a motorbike accident four years ago.
And while Kayley is ready to start a family of her own, Phil is less keen as his only child, a 27-year-old daughter, will soon give birth to his first grandchild. Infatuated: The couple married in 2007 in a secret civil ceremony Kayley said: 'In a way, we’ve proven the whole world wrong. It seemed like everyone was against us, purely because of the difference in our ages.
'I knew when we got together Phil was the man I wanted to be with. People said I was too young to know that, but I did.
'And the proof is in the pudding. We’re still very much in love. Not everything is easy, but that’s life.
'I can’t wait to have kids - I would have them tomorrow. But with Phil not working, money is tight, so he says we should wait a while.
'And Phil is about to become a grandfather - he’s already had his children and is conscious about our money situation.
'But Phil is not getting any younger. It’s crazy to think I am going to be a grandmother soon. I’m excited, but there’s no way anyone is going to call me Nana.'
Five years after their marriage Kayley’s mum, Jayne, 46, has finally come to terms with having a son-in-law who is nine years her senior.
However, Kayley says she lost most of her friends at the start of the romance who couldn’t understand why she was spending time with 'an old man.'
She said: 'My mum was furious when she first found out about Phil.
It destroyed our relationship for a long time. 'I still can’t talk to my dad about it and don’t see him very often.
'I’ve got virtually no friends left who are my own age because I felt I could never talk to them about me and Phil.
'My relationship is good with Phil’s daughter now but obviously it was strained at first.
'I don’t treat her as a step daughter and she doesn’t treat me like a step mum. Starting a family: Kayley says she would like babies, but Phil, who is about to become a grandfather, is more reluctant
'Despite the massive age gap Phil and I are soulmates. Occasionally it will be an issue like when we are mistaken for father and daughter, which can be a bit embarrassing.
'Or sometimes Phil will want me to come home early when I want to stay out later.
But we are best friends who always know what the other one is thinking.'
Youthful Kayley was playing guitar in the church orchestra when she was approached by Phil. Despite being warned by her parents and church leaders that the friendship was ‘inappropriate’, the pair continued to meet.
A year later they moved in together while Kayley’s mum was away for the weekend. Kayley said: 'We got a van and moved all my stuff into Phil’s flat.
My parents weren’t listening when I told them how I felt. No regrets: Phil Nash, 54, and Kayley, now 23, devastated Kayley's family when they married five years ago, but today say they are blissfully happy
'I couldn’t believe they were being so narrow-minded.
I knew Phil was the man for me.'
A year later, in 2006, the slim brunette - who still gets asked to prove her age when buying a lottery ticket - married Phil in a secret ceremony attended by only Phil’s family.
She said: 'We got married at the registry office. I felt sad that my family couldn’t be there but I knew what I was doing.
'I don’t know how she found out but I got a text from my mum after the ceremony asking if I had just got married.
'I texted back 'yes', then I didn’t hear from her for months.
Even if it meant losing my family I knew I had to be with Phil.
After my parents stopped talking to me I still had no regrets.
'We’ve already made it five years.
These days, there are plenty of marriages that don’t last that long, even when both people are the same age.'
Phil receives £300 per month in incapacity benefit after being forced from his job as a car salesman following a bad motorbike accident.
However, the couple are still able to pursue their love of biking and go out most weekends.
Kayley said: 'When I’m at work Phil stays at home and does all the cooking and cleaning. 'It took Phil a bit of getting used to.
We would like to have more money, but we’re happy for now.
'We both know Phil is likely to die before me but we’ll cross that bridge when we come to it.
'There’s no point in worrying about it. I want to enjoy the here and now.'
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Social- Care -"Not fit for purpose" shows that this Government couldn't careless
Updated: 30 Dec 2011
Social care 'not fit for purpose'
The social care system has been branded "not fit for purpose" after figures revealed elderly people are paying up to £7,000 a year for home care services.
Cllr David Rogers, Chairman of the Local Government Association's Community Wellbeing Board, accused the Government of underfunding local authorities, leaving councils with "tough decisions" over the services they can provide.
Statistics released by the Labour party showed marked rises in the cost of council services for elderly and disabled people over the past year.
Analysis of data from 93 out of 153 councils in England, showed there has been a 13% rise in the cost of meals on wheels, with the price of a meal rising from £3.17 to £3.44.
There has also been a 33% increase in transport fees, with the average cost of travel to places such as day care centres now standing at £2.32 per journey.
Labour said the data also revealed a "postcode lottery" in the amount people pay for social care, with huge disparities across the country.
People living in the London borough of Tower Hamlets pay nothing for personal care, while those in Cheshire East are charged more than £20 an hour, for example.
Cllr Rogers said: "These results highlight what we already know, the current social care system is not fit for purpose. It is underfunded and in need of urgent reform.
"We all want to know that everything possible is being done to ensure our elderly friends and relatives are treated with the dignity and respect they rightly deserve and councils are committed to doing the very best for people in later life.
But councils are facing the long-term triple pressures of insufficient funding, growing demand and escalating costs and despite their best efforts, they are having to make tough decisions about the care services they can provide."
The data, obtained under the Freedom of Information law, showed elderly and disabled people are being charged an averaged of £13.49 per hour for home care - a rise of 6% in two years.
This means someone who does not receive state help and gets 10 hours of support a week pays around £7,015 per year.
Mr Rogers said there was no "one-size-fits-all approach" and that different councils faced "very different pressures" in adult social care.
"Decisions need to be taken locally," he added.
The Department of Health said: "Local authorities are responsible for non-residential care.
Any charges they choose to make must be fair and affordable.
The Government is providing an extra £7.2 billion over the next four years to councils so they can protect services that support vulnerable people."
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Social- Care for Elderly in Crisis as Coalition cut costs
Updated: 29 Dec 2011
Care for elderly in 'absolute crisis', charity warns
Age UK says cuts leaving increasing numbers of old people with either no support or very limited help at home
Matthew Taylor and Esther Addley
guardian.co.uk, Wednesday 28 December 2011 14.44 GMT
Cuts mean carers are unable to give elderly people the support they need at home.
Britain faces an "absolute crisis" in social care for the elderly as a result of cuts to local services, the director of the country's leading charity for older people has warned.
Michelle Mitchell, the director of Age UK, said increasing numbers of older people with considerable care needs "are getting absolutely no support at all, or poor quality and limited support" as a result of cuts to local authority provision.
She cited research by the King's Fund showing that the number of older people who need significant care support but receive no assistance will reach almost 900,000 in 2012, rising to 1 m by 2015.
"This means people will deteriorate more quickly and go into hospital," Mitchell said.
"We have seen the rates of admissions to hospital increase over the last few months which, apart from anything else, is very expensive to have someone admitted through A&E and then kept in hospital.
"Care is in crisis and it is getting worse. We have evidence to show that local authorities have cut care for older people by 4.5% this year, and this at a time when social care is chronically underfunded anyway."
She cited cases in which older people who were unable to undress themselves were being put to bed at 5pm because it was the only time care workers could fit them in, and left there until 10am the next morning.
"There are other cases where 15-minute visits are now the norm, so someone comes and washes you in a very intimate way and they have to do that in just 15 minutes," she said.
With other services such as lunch clubs or day services being slashed, older people were increasingly isolated, she added.
The squeeze on care services comes as older people are being forced to "eke out" an existence on the edge of poverty due to rising fuel and food prices, Mitchell said.
Age UK (formerly Help the Aged and Age Concern) says 1.8 million pensioners live beneath the poverty line, 1m of them in "severe poverty".
"One of the biggest worries, whether you are in poverty or whether you are managing on a very, very low income, is that the cost of living is increasing very rapidly …
This is a story about breadline Britain and the eking out of an existence for millions of pensioners."
Mary, a 76-year-old pensioner from a small town, told the Guardian she was angered and concerned by cuts to care services.
After a stroke eight years ago, she was left part paralysed and uses a wheelchair.
She needs help throughout the day, totalling about two hours of care.
"I need help getting dressed of a morning, and I have a quarter of an hour at lunchtime to do me a sandwich, half an hour at teatime and a quarter of an hour bedtime," she said.
She is obliged by her local authority – which she asked not to name, fearing it might affect her provision – to meet most of the £700-800 monthly cost herself, being judged "too well-off" as a result of her husband's pension, half of which she receives.
This expense, with rising fuel and food costs, means she now regularly switches off her central heating because she cannot afford to heat her home, she said.
Asked how she feels about cuts to care services, she said: "I get angry because I feel that the government has no idea what it's like to live on a normal everyday pension.
They are all very wealthy people, they live in cloud cuckoo land.
"It's as though the government is saying, well, they've done their bit and they're no longer any use.
Older people, I mean. It's a horrible thought, but you do have these thoughts.
You've paid your dues, you're now no longer active enough to work, so why bother now courting you.
I'm afraid they don't seem to consider older people at all."
Most social care funding is allocated by central government to local authorities to spend as they determine.
It was formerly ringfenced until changes to local government funding introduced by the coalition
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Social- Do women still appreciate loyal men ?
Updated: 27 Dec 2011
Do women still appreciate loyal men ?
I'd like to think so.
But the modern society often sees loyal man as weak, insecure, and unattractive.
In this world we are living in loyalty and honesty is taken for granted.
Relationship is such a temporary concept, and marriage is only commitment out of comfort and security.
Is there such thing as a true love between two loyal individuals that is beyond respect and total understanding?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I think that's dependant on age really, and what the individuals interests are.
Whether they really want a relationship, or are just out to have fun.
Commonly the women that are younger are at a stage where they are focused on their selves, because they are still establishing their life, career, etc.
And the older women are the ones who are looking for someone they can start a life with now that they feel they are dependant with or without.
Either way however, both young and older women love a loyal companion.
It makes them feel of great worth to someone, knowing they don't want anyone but them.
And who doesn't want that?
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Social- Loyalty in relationships
Updated: 27 Dec 2011
Keys To Loyalty In Relationships
Relationships are core to human life.
Human being is a social animal and relationships form an integral part of it.
However the same relationship exposes human being to many forms of insecurities that have the potential to disturb the sense and take the peace out of mind.
We embrace the relationship with some hope and expectations but what if it hurts more than smoothens out life. It is in this need that we look for loyalty in relationships.
The loyal that make us feel secure and give the peace of mind.
If you are secured in your relationships, you can take the world with much strength and courage.
Loyalty in relationship is a much sought after factor. It is much needed and desired.
It is the single most factors that let us first fall in relationship itself.
Every relationship has expectations and loyalty forms the foundation of it.
It is in its inherent nature of Loyalty lies a bonding that keeps the core of human relationship intact.
Loyalty in relationship comprises 5 keys or virtues that form the very nature of it.
This can relate to any relation like marriage, friendship, love etc.
Let’s go through these keys and see how they shape Loyalty
- Commitment- Loyalty demands a commitment, a promise that lay the foundation of it.
- It is unquestionable unsaid virtue that cherishes the relationship from the roots.
- Two people committed to relationship define the essence of relationship in itself and needs no words to relate it further.
- Dedication- Loyalty demands a dedication to the relationship.
- It goes far in prioritizing the focus and channelizing the energy on particular direction.
- Dedication forms the core of loyalty in relationship in terms of making it visible and appreciating the very aspect of it.
- Faith- Loyalty inspires faith.
- A faith in relationship itself answers all the questions and provides solution to tough situations. Developing a faith as part of relationship leads to the path of loyalty.
- It is the virtue of faith that helps us pick the right ignoring the ones that make us deviate from the path of righteous.
- Trust-Trust is integral part of loyalty in relationship. It makes you confident that the right thing would prevail without you having to influence it from your end.
- Trust is belief that clear many riddles and negates the need to put time and effort in things that are seemingly worthless
- Keeping Other over Self- Loyalty in relationship makes you put other over self.
- The decision, direction and the move is made keeping the other person in mind.
- The other becomes an integral part of your lives and you strive selflessly to make the relationship successful.
- It is an important key that promotes love, respect, and belongingness.
Human life is all about choices.
There are always phases in our life that present us with choices that we need to take for a happy and successful life.
Loyalty in relationship is definitely one of those decisions that make us successful in every sphere of life.
After all a peaceful mind can take the world by its horns and face any challenges in life
Life is made of pieces put together by our emotions and bound by love and care.
Loyalty in relationship keeps this intact and enforces it with more strength. T
here are things that are larger than life and loyalty in relationship is one of those.
It is a core of interaction and the virtue cement relationship to make it more cohesive.
Make Loyalty a part of your personality and reap the benefits of love and happiness.
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Social- The Cheapest Countries to Retire in ?
Updated: 26 Dec 2011
Where are the Cheapest Countries to Retire in?
We bring you a fresh batch of tried and tested countries that offer the perfect blend of affordable cost of living and high quality of life for anyone looking for a cheap place to retire to abroad
You're here: Home » Living Abroad » Retirement Abroad » Where are the Cheapest Countries to Retire in?
The thought of retirement can bring about very mixed emotions for many of us; on the one hand the thought of not having to get up in the morning for work every day can bring about feelings of unadulterated happiness!
But on the other hand, knowing that you will possibly have a fixed and therefore restricted income to live on in the form of a pension can bring feelings of panic or at least concern.
We’re constantly advised by whichever government is in power that we have to take responsibility for our retirement savings – and then we watch as our incentives to save are eroded.
We hear every year about the numbers of pensioners living on or below the poverty line, we understand that the likes of the winter fuel allowance are a lifeline for some people – and all the while we’re ever hopeful that that won’t be us in retirement, i.e., we won’t be the ones struggling to survive on a measly pension…
However, at the same time it certainly makes a lot of sense to think seriously about how one can achieve the perfect blend in terms of quality of life on the one hand, and cost of living on the other when it comes to retiring.
In our working lives perhaps we are restricted in where we can live by our job – but another positive thing about retirement is that we will be totally unfettered by such restrictions then, so it makes sense now to ask where are the cheapest countries to retire in…and then to think seriously about perhaps moving to live there in retirement so that our pensions will go that much further.
The thing is, as we have discussed in a previous article entitled ‘The 5 Cheapest Countries to Retire to,’ ‘cheap’ and ‘affordable’ are relative terms with what constitutes ‘cheap’ to me perhaps meaning ‘unacceptably rubbish’ for you!
So you need to look closely at each nation we list and any country you personally consider for an affordable retirement to ensure it will indeed offer you the balance between a low cost of living and a high enough standard of living.
The following 3 countries are locations where Shelter Offshore contributors live or have lived, they have therefore been personally vetted and assessed and are examples of where in the world you can live relatively well on a relatively tight budget in retirement if you so choose.
However, one or more of these countries may not appeal to you – so tomorrow we’re going to publish a report into how you can find your own cheap and ideal retirement destination according to your own personal preferences and criteria.
We will help guide you in assessing each nation on its own merits so that you end up having found the perfect personal retirement haunt by the time you come to retire.
In the meantime, how about one of the following three countries: -
Retire to Cuba-
Until very recently Cuba wasn’t even considered a suitable holiday destination let alone a suitable place to retire abroad, but with the easing of America’s aggressive position on this tiny Caribbean country and the increase in its positive profile internationally, a handful of intrepid expatriates have now decided to call Cuba home.
What they have found is a relatively peaceful country where integration is perfectly possible as long as you speak Spanish, and where the cost of living really is incredibly affordable.
Healthcare in Cuba is universally free – and the country has one of the highest doctor to patient ratios in the world!
Yes, facilities can be poor and supplies limited at times, but life expectancy in the country is on a par with that in Americaand so medical needs should not be a factor against Cuba as a retirement destination abroad.
The climate is excellent for most of the year, the landscape is stunning, culturally and historically Cuba is rich and blessed – but perhaps the one thing not in its favour is the level of poverty suffered by some.
Cuba has a lot going for it – but you should take a closer look before you commit.
Living in Bulgaria in Retirement
- According to Eurostat, in 2008 Bulgaria enjoyed the lowest prices for goods and services across all EU member states; and although it is now seeing some producer price inflation, the nature of the economic situation across Europe and particularly within the eurozone means that prices are remaining restricted in Bulgaria.
The country is accused of limiting its own development by the excessive amounts of red tape and bureaucracy in place that have restricted investment to date – and whilst this can be seen as negative for those who want to advance their living standards and see improved levels of employment in Bulgaria for example, it is not such a bad thing for would-be retirees attracted to Bulgaria by its still low prices.
The cost of living outside the main towns and cities is cheap by most people’s standards, with real estate still available for rent and to purchase at acceptable levels as long as you avoid the summer or winter resorts. Bulgaria also has accessibility from the UK in its favour for those retiring Brits who still want to keep in touch with home.
Retire Abroad to Malaysia
- You may have a fairly fixed preconception about Malaysia, most people do – too exotic, too foreign, too tropical, too expensive, too far away?
However, the one thing about Malaysia that is universally true is that you have to see it to believe it.
And to see it you have to visit, travel and stay for an extended period of time – only then can you get anywhere close to seeing the many sides of this incredible destination.
It is a vibrant, beautiful, peaceful, exotic, tropical, accessible and relatively affordable country to live in.
You have the fast pace of life in the cities like Kuala Lumpur and you have the tourist-dominated resorts such as Langkawi – great to visit, but not ideal to retire to if you want affordable peace!
So, step off the beaten track and what will you find?
A people who learn to speak English at school from a very young age – well-educated people who have access to superior medical facilities in urban areas, and who can live on very little and very limited budgets the further away from urbanisation you move.
You will find stunning tropical beaches that you will previously only have ever dreamed of, incredible flora and fauna, a rich cultural heritage, cheap property and a growing number of expatriates lured not only by the lifestyle but by the tax incentives of the Malaysia My Second Home Programme – you will perhaps find your paradise on earth. And you won’t know until you visit!
In Conclusion
We hope the above countries will have given you some food for thought in suggesting new nations for you to explore as you go in search of the perfect country to retire to abroad.
Cheap and affordable may be deciding factors for many retiring expats when they look at countries to retire to – but as I hope we have shown they needn’t be limiting factors.
There’s a whole world out there – a world of opportunity when it comes to lifestyle.
Tomorrow’s report will help you match up your lifestyle and affordability retirements with the perfect place to retire if the above suggestions aren’t suitable for you…
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§ Your Top 10 Retirement Abroad Questions Answered
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§ Is It Realistic to Retire to Turkey – Probably Not…
§ 7 Places to Retire Abroad in 2011 for an Affordable Lifestyle
§ Why it Pays to Retire Abroad
§ Retiring Abroad? Avoid These 3 Costly Mistakes
§ Key Criteria to Consider When Retiring Abroad
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Social- A Grumpy Guide to writing a Grumpy article for Christmas
Updated: 22 Dec 2011
A grumpy guide to Christmas
Tis the season to be moaning: Ian Martin highlights the flashpoints for festive disharmony
guardian.co.uk,
Come Christmas and you find yourself craving a whiskey and cream-based liqueur, and you are Gran.
Christmas is a time of hope. A time to set aside differences.
To celebrate the renewal of the human spirit. And a time to avoid three groups of moaning gits: teetotal Christians, hipster atheists and people like me.
I'm obliged under the Grandparents Act of 1893 to remind you how much better Christmas was in the old days. For a start, Advent started on 1 December or thereabouts.
Now every year a magical comet explodes across the mid-November sky like a giant dirty snowball.
Fine. You want the comet, you'll have to put up with what it's dragging along in its wake: a vast gas cloud of moaning old people.
Sure, extend the Christmas season.
But remember we're grandparents. See how long we can really make it feel.
It's a tradition, part of a package that includes bread sauce, flatulence, the Pogues, uncomfortable new clothes, a kid in a corner permanently hunched over something that beeps, and the depressing annual epiphany that there was an awful lot of padding in the Morecambe and Wise Show.
Beware, young people. Don't watch too many Christmas adverts, or you will turn into your gran.
She's there, wittering away on the sofa.
You can't hear everything she's mumbling, but the executive summary is: "Is this really what we need to get in for a 48-hour family lockdown?
Frozen laminated pork on a stick? A video game featuring a stubbly psychopath?
A telephone with a camera in it?
A camera with a telephone in it?
What's this got to do with Christmas?
Eh? What has this? Got to do? With Christmas?"
So you sigh heavily and ask her if she fancies a Baileys, then realise that it's only the first week in December and your gran's not actually there.
It's just you and the voice in your head talking to the telly.
So you set up a separate account in your head and start remonstrating with the voice, which remains calm and asks you if you fancy a Baileys.
And your Verified Subconscious shouts: "I AM NOT MY GRAN! I AM NOT MOANING ABOUT CHRISTMAS!"
And you switch off the telly, and it all goes quiet inside your head.
And you find yourself inexplicably craving a whiskey and cream-based liqueur, and you are Gran.
Hardcore Christians are pretty unbearable at Christmas, but usually much easier to avoid than your Gran.
It's not just that they can maintain eye contact while explaining how Immaculate Conception works.
They also feel obliged to point out that, while the Nativity is, of course, a holy and wonderful thing, Easter, with its centrepiece of betrayal, torture and crucifixion, is more spiritually rewarding.
I think on balance I'd rather be stuck in a lift with them, though, than with a bunch of hipster atheists.
The type who think that faith is "disgusting" or "dangerously deluded".
They bang on and on, like they're winning the Age of Enlightenment all over again, rather than pointlessly kicking the inert form of the Anglican church.
"You do realise, don't you," they parp, "that the Greek word parthenos attached to Mary in the New Testament didn't mean virgin at all.
It meant unmarried woman."
This makes the story more, not less, believable.
Dear stupid hipster atheists: shut up, you haven't got "issues around Christmas".
Nobody has "issues around Christmas", not even the Literary Review.
This used to be a time when believers and atheists held a ceasefire; the centre ground was given over to the vast majority of people who held no firm convictions either way.
Let's face it, it still is. I suspect we massively underestimate the level of agnosticism among churchgoers and God-deniers.
The traditional agnostic version of the Christmas story – some sort of special baby born in a stable, vaguely symbolising hope for the human race if we could just get along with one another.
Is that so bad a myth?
The more atheists mock the Nativity as a fairy story, the more sense it makes.
The more Christians sneer at Christmas as a vulgar secularised holiday with drinks, the better it sounds.
Life's a wobbly conga of uncertainty anyway, with or without tinsel.
The media stokes a lot of factionalism these days.
Moan and countermoan.
Daily Mail readers sneering at houses ablaze with lights, and terrifying Urban Santas and radioactive reindeer. Sun readers sneering back about poncey killjoys with their bronze turkeys and repressed sexuality and their children named after tank engines.
Sadly, the People's Media is even worse.
By now there'll be hate groups on Facebook called Don't Let Sharia Law Criminalise Our Puddings and No French Hens.
As well as several thousand astroturfed PR campaigns aiming to get underperforming artists to Christmas No 1 on spurious moral grounds: "Come on Mungo Jerry fans – download Bunk-Up In The Stable now!
Together we can make Louis Walsh have a tantrum in his Harry Potter pyjamas!"
Social networks. Social FRETworks more like.
If you want to avoid Christmas moaning, stay away from Twitter.
Swarming with neurotics and umbrage-seekers, Twitter is a whirling snowglobe of nark at the best of times.
By now there'll be ironised bleating about how #stopmoaningaboutXmas has become a top trending topic.
People will be getting the hump about how a cool meme has been hijacked by non-smartarses who actually do want moaners to give it a rest.
And there'll be appalled fundamentalists moaning about Christ being replaced with X in a hashtag.
All in an incoherent paranoid fog of sulk, the occasional shrill voice surfacing to complain that their brilliant one-liner about a reindeer called Fenton is being retweeted without acknowledgement.
Are we better or worse off than we used to be? Was Christmas Past really more fun, less fretful?
Well, call me old-fashioned, but optimism these days is nowhere near as good as it used to be. Contemporary optimism is rubbish. This Advent's been clogged with finance and mathematics.
Pessimistic Mathematics! Released, like swarms of angry bees, into our festive living rooms! The news now is just a rota of windswept hacks shouting numbers from a bleak eurozone plaza.
Which in my day (who do you think you are kidding, Mrs Merkel?) we called Continental Europe, thanks very much and don't forget who won the war. Yeah, America and the Soviet Union.
OK, forget who won the war, just remember the Festival of Britain and skiffle.
OK, forget skiffle – it was bollocks.
As a paid-up member of Grandad's Army I say this: bah.
Defer this Euro-humbug until January when we're all supposed to be depressed anyway.
Come on, let's have a knees-up now, postpone the misery and guilt until 2012.
I slipped the word "guilt" in there, obviously, because old baby boomer bastards got us into this mess.
We cashed in the postwar settlement and the property boom and pissed it all up the wall like the bloody Rolling Stones.
The problem apparently is that although there's loads of wealth around, the poor haven't got much of it.
So instead of saying "sorry, recession, it's all gone shitmungous, we're going to need that dodged tax/transport subsidy/bonus/PFI payment/share dividend/backhander BACK asap", we're rolling over to have our tummy tickled by George Bloody Osborne and he's got this slight lip curl and he's asking us who's a good dog, and confirming that we are a good dog.
Now they're predicting a return to Dickensian Economics.
Londoners atomised, polarised and shuffled into a rich side and a poor side in an actual giant reality show. The Scrooges tucked up in gated communities and the Cratchits squashed into affordable poorhousing.
We seem to be heading there quite quickly too.
If some steampunk version of the Department for Work and Pensions had been around in Victorian England, Tiny Tim would have been up a chimney quick as you like, crutches or no crutches.
We're all a bit scared to look too far into the future: 2061 is unimaginable, but it's been 50 years since 1961 and I can tell you that half-century's gone past like a late express.
By now I was expecting Christmas on the moon and hover slippers and proper time-travel, not just in my head.
Optimistic young people, there is a way to avoid having Christmas spoiled by creaking miserabilists, eg yours truly.
Ask us what Christmas was really like 50 years ago.
Unless we're lying through our shambolic teeth that now look like a mouthful of peanuts, we will tell you the truth: it's always been like this. I can definitely remember old people moaning.
A lot. Probably telling us that in their day you were lucky if you got a walnut, never mind a toy gun.
Still, 1961, pulling away from the 1950s which smelled of steam trains and wet wood and tripe and onions, into the 1960s which smelled of roll-on deodorant, coffee and plastic …
Now 50 years on we've got the same Queen, same Christmas speech.
Same Bruce Forsyth, though with more hair these days.
Of course your heart sinks when you see the headline "Strictly v Downton on Xmas Day!"
But in 1961, the primetime slot was "Gunsmoke v The Black and White Minstrel Show".
Remind your Gran about that.
Despite all the evidence dumped at our feet by the government and the media, demonstrating that we're useless and feckless and costly and doomed, we're not, OK?
We're not.
We'll come through the recession and there will be marvellous things happening after I'm dead.
Maybe my grandchildren simply won't put up with the stupid way the world's organised any more.
So yeah.
Baby in the stable. Hope springs eternal.
Well it does. It bloody does.
It's what keeps us going.
Merry Christmas
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Social- UK Childcare Service mostly provided by Retired Grandparents
Updated: 06 Dec 2011
Widening care gap crisis looms over families
Monday 05 December 2011
by Louise Nousratpour
The rise in the state pension age could create a care gap crisis in many families as working mothers may be forced to give up their jobs or pay more for child care, the Grandparents Plus charity warned yesterday.
It said that a staggering seven million grandparents currently provide free childcare to grandchildren aged 16 and under - the equivalent of 63 per cent - with around one in five grandmothers providing at least 10 hours of care a week.
Half of all mothers also rely on grandparents to look after their babies when they return from maternity leave.
But with the state pension age set to rise and increasing numbers of grandmothers expected to stay in work until they are 65 or older, many will be unable to give their own children the support they need.
Grandparents Plus interim chief executive Denise Murphy warned: "With childcare costs soaring, many parents are becoming increasingly dependent on grandparents to look after children so they can go to work.
"But we think one of the consequences of the raising of the state pension age may be more mothers giving up work because grandmothers are no longer available to provide childcare."
The study, which used data from the 1998 and 2009 British Social Attitudes Survey, found the highest percentage of childcare is provided by grandmothers aged 55 to 64, followed by grandparents aged 65 to 74.
Around 60 per cent of grandmothers who look after their grandchildren are aged under 65.
Ms Murphy added: "As the UK population ages there is growing pressure on grandparents to go out to work, as well as provide care for their grandchildren and often, elderly relatives as well.
"As older people remain longer in the workplace, there is a risk of a serious 'care gap' emerging in the provision of informal care for children and older people."
The charity is calling on grandparents who care for their grandchildren to have access to flexible working
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Social- Tracking a Mate
Updated: 02 Dec 2011
Taking the chance out of chance encounters
25 November 2011
New Scientist
YOU'RE heading for your favourite cafe when your phone buzzes.
Try the one round the corner, it suggests: you might run into a regular who shares your passion for collecting stamps.
Implausible?
Perhaps not.
The foundations of such a network are already here, in the form of a system that can predict where you'll go, and who you'll meet there (see "'Pre-social network' finds you friends in your hang-outs").
But the questions it raises are more social than technical.
To help people with their social lives, the system would have to track them, not just their phones, match their identities to their social profiles and spot situations where their path might cross that of an interesting stranger.
Privacy concerns apart, would we even want computers to stage-manage our lives in this way?
The popularity of satnavs, internet dating and now Apple's iPhone "voice assistant", Siri, suggests that we might.
Of course, we'd still have to take the initiative.
Your phone may direct you to a "chance" encounter with someone of social, professional or even romantic interest.
But would you be ready to make the first move?
Perhaps we need an app for that, too
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Social- The UK State Pension among the worst in Europe
Updated: 18 Nov 2011
The state pension: below the poverty line
UK pensioner poverty is among the worst in Europe – only Cyprus, Latvia and Estonia abandon their pensioners to a greater degree.
France spends over twice as much on pensions as the UK, Germany two-thirds more.
It is simply not true to say that the UK cannot afford better pensions when nearly every other European country does better by their pensioners.
The truth is that the value of the state pension has been in decline for 30 years.
In that time the pension has gone from being worth 25% of average male earnings to just 15%.
The basic state pension is currently £102 a week, worth only 57% of the government’s official weekly pensioner poverty level of £178.
Two and a half million pensioners in the UK live below that level.
Even before the above inflation energy price rises this year, 3.5 million pensioners lived in fuel poverty.
Many pensioners therefore rely on means-tested benefits like the pension credit,
council tax benefit and housing benefit.
However, because of the stigma attached to claiming, over a million pensioners entitled to pension credit do not claim it.
Research by the Left Economics Advisory Panel estimates that the cost of means-tested benefits is currently £13bn per year.
This state spending would not be necessary if private sector employers provided for their staff in the same way as the public sector.
However, the proposed cuts to public sector pensions would mean that more and more public sector workers will be eligible for these benefits too.
The state pension age is currently proposed to rise from 65 to 66 by 2020, 67 in 2034 and to 68 by 2044.
“The basic state pension is currently £102 a week, worth only 57% of the government’s official weekly pensioner poverty level of £178”
Pensioners reliant on state pension for majority of income
Pensioners in fuel poverty
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Social- The Basic State Pension means many Pensioners are living below the Poverty Line
Updated: 18 Nov 2011
The Basic State Pension
The best guarantee of security in older age is a decent non means-tested pension linked to earnings.
Pensioners should be able to share in the prosperity of the UK, the fourth wealthiest country in the world.
A decent pension is vital not only to avoid poverty but also social exclusion.
Pensioners should be entitled by right to a healthy diet, material security, social participation and a sense of control.
The extent of pensioner poverty in the UK can be illustrated by the following:
Barely 40 per cent of pensioners have enough income to be taxed, whilst some 2.5million pensioners are entitled to income support through the Minimum Income Guarantee (MIG).
The government's latest figures show that 27 per cent of pensioners live on incomes below the poverty line (below 50 per cent of average earnings). In contrast, for those of working age the figure is 14 per cent.
Retirement should be a time to look forward to but unfortunately for many it is not.
No one should have to rely on means-tested benefits in later life and lead a lifestyle geared to survival and essentials with little room for positive and active ageing.
UNISON is pursuing the objective of a "living" pension through the following policy:
A minimum income guarantee for all those in retirement of £150 a week
Compulsion on all employers to contribute to a pension for their employees
Restoration of the earnings link to the Basic State Pension (BSP) and uprating to the level it would have been at if the link with earnings had not been originally broken
All employer and stakeholder schemes to provide a minimum income at retirement based either on a proportion of final earnings or a career average
The link with earnings
The 2001 Budget included a number of pension proposals intended to provide an income of at least £100 a week by 2003.
There are three elements to these proposals:
An above inflation rise in the BSP: £72.50 a week for a single pensioner and £115.90 for couples.
An increase in the Minimum Income Guarantee (MIG) which tops up the BSP if individuals do not have a private pension or savings of £12,000.
The introduction of a pensioners' credit for those just above the poverty line
However these proposals do not restore the link with earnings and the increase is largely dependent on the means tested MIG.
Pensioners do not want to have to make application for what they are entitled to. This is highlighted by the fact that the Government has launched a £15million advertising campaign to persuade 500,000 eligible pensioners (1 in 5 of those who qualify) to claim MIG.
The Government claims that it would be too costly to restore the link with earnings yet it has spent £6.5 billion on pensioners since the 1997 election, £2 billion more than if the link had been restored.
UNISON continues to campaign for a restoration of the link with earnings to ensure a decent BSP because:
In an increasingly uncertain market place it is an important source of retirement income for both current and future generations
It is the last defence against pensioner poverty and increased reliance on means-tested benefits which have low take-up and penalise savings
A final thought - if the link with earnings had not been broken in 1980 the BSP for a single pensioner would currently be £97.60 a week instead of £72.50.
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Social- Incomes Down, Families Stuck in Debt - Spending Slashed
Updated: 18 Nov 2011
As incomes are crunched,
families stuck in debt slash spending
and cut out luxuries to make ends meet
By Tara Evans and Becky Barrow
Last updated at 12:06 PM on 16th November 2011
Millions of Britain's heavily indebted families are cutting back on luxuries from holidays to takeways as their incomes fall in the big squeeze.
The average family with debt is living with credit card bills, loans and overdraft borrowing amounting to £10,604, which equals nearly 50 per cent of their average £23,796 yearly income, research has found.
The major study by Aviva revealed that the typical monthly income of an average family has fallen by 1.7 per cent in just three months, down from £2,018 in August to £1,983 now – if incomes fell at that rate annually they would decline at almost 7 per cent in a year.
Income squeeze: Families are cutting back on luxuries such as holidays and entertainment.
The report said that 52 per cent of UK families are living with unsecured debts, including loans, credit cards and overdrafts, which many will be unable to pay off as incomes fail to keep pace with inflation.
Excluding housing, families with debts are spending nine per cent of their monthly income on servicing them - almost as much as the ten per cent they spend on feeding themselves.
The report said typical monthly incomes have risen since January, but that increase has been just £46 at a time when energy bills, transport costs and food bills have soared.
The report also paints a bleak picture of those in crisis who are having to cut back to all but essential spending.
It said that the main driver behind this fall appears to be the six per cent drop in three months of income among those living in a committed relationship with one child.
Their average monthly income fell from £2,327 to £2,196.
More...Families inheriting a retirement home are left with huge bills
Funeral costs are soaring but paying in advance can ease the pain for families
All other types of family also saw their income fall, with the sole exception of those in a committed relationship with no plans to have children, who actually saw their incomes leap eight per cent.
The picture across the country is pretty bleak too.
For example, while families in London may have the highest average monthly income of £2,682 a month, they also have the highest amount of unsecured debt, an average of £23,609.
Paul Goodwin, director of workplace savings at Aviva, said: ‘Incomes have only risen by £46 since January so to make ends meet, we have found that UK families are cutting out luxuries, economising on spending and reducing the typical amount they save.’
Household monthly income compared with debt: Families sizeable debts will be very difficult to repay
Saving has also been hit hard by the big squeeze, with families only putting aside £19 a month after having their budgets crunched by soaring bills and stagnating wages.
The study by the insurer is one of the biggest investigations into how families are coping in the aftermath of recession.
At a time when the economy urgently needs people to spend, it is ‘clearly a picture of a nation cutting back’.
Families are reducing their spending to the basics by ‘ruthlessly removing luxuries from budgets to not only make ends meet but also provide additional security in the form of savings’.
After housing, families are spending nearly 10 per cent of their monthly outgoings on food – but they also have to allocate over nine per cent of their budget to debt repayments.
Families are coping with their tight budgets by ‘cutting spending on non-essential purchases’ such as entertainment and holidays – families spent just three per cent out of their total monthly income on this, the lowest level recorded this year.
Cutting it fine: How families have cut back on non-essential spending over the past three months
The squeeze on spending on enjoyment is highlighted by a fifth of families not even going out to dinner or having a takeaway.
More than half also said they are spending nothing on children’s activities, such as swimming or piano lessons. All these figures have risen over the last three months.
Overall, the report says families are ‘cutting spending to the bone’, after being hit by small pay rises, or pay freezes, large debts, few savings and rocketing household bills.
Worryingly the number of families surviving on less than £1,250 per month has increased by 1 per cent since August this year to 30 per cent – a concerning trend in the current economic environment.
Home sweet home: How house prices, income and lending money to family differs across the country To make matters worse, a third of families also feel forced into helping relatives and close friends who have financial problems.
The report, from insurance giant Aviva, found that over the last year people have paid out around £440 – typically to a brother, close friend or child who has left home.
Mothers, fathers and grown-up children were the most common recipients of this type of help, but 3 per cent of people said they also helped their friends out with cash.
The most common reason for helping friends and relatives was changes to financial circumstances, but 19 per cent of those who helped someone out said it was because of the recipient's 'poor financial management'.
More than one in 10 people said they were less able to help than previously as they were struggling themselves. It added that many cannot afford the lifeline but feel morally obliged.
Read more: http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/money/bills/article-2062164/Family-income-debt-crunch-Luxuries-spending-cut-make-ends-meet.html#ixzz1e1SY61F2
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Social- Cuitizens Advice gagged under UK libel laws
Updated: 11 Nov 2011
Citizens Advice gagged under UK libel laws
Consumer protection organisation unable to publish full findings of companies breaching consumer law
CAB forced to cave in because of UK libel laws
Citizens Advice has effectively been gagged from publishing research that would protect consumers because of the UK's libel laws.
At yesterday's parliamentary meeting hosted by the Libel Reform Campaign, MPs heard how the charity had been investigating the legality of tactics employed by some firms hired by High Street stores under civil recovery procedures.
But despite devoting an entire year's research and campaign contingency budget to ensure that the research was not libellous, continued threats of legal action by these companies, many of which are solicitors' firms, meant Citizens Advice felt it was unable to publish its findings in full.
At yesterday's meeting, the Guardian reported that Richard Dunstan, social policy officer at Citizens Advice, said: "The potentially huge cost of defending a libel action - however unjustified that action might be - hands well-resourced corporations a powerful weapon against third sector organisations, such as Citizens Advice, trying to shine a spotlight on practices that are unfair, detrimental to the public interest, or even illegal: just the threat of a libel action can be enough to shut down criticism."
The result is Citizens Advice, which is currently in discussions with the Government to take on consumer protection work currently carried out by the Office of Fair Trading (OFT) and Consumer Focus, has been unable to stop companies which it claims are breaching consumer law.
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Social- Record Numbers Banged up in Britains Prisons
Updated: 05 Nov 2011
Prisoner numbers hit fresh record high
Friday 04 November 2011
Prisoner number in England and Wales hit an all-time high of 87,749 today.
Inmate populations rose 176 in a week to take it past last month's record of 87,673.
The Ministry of Justice said that the new intake, fuelled by the summer's riots, leaves the prison system just 1,656 places below operational capacity
Ministers have repeatedly claimed that there are enough prison places to cope with everyone jailed over the riots.
Courts have been told to punish those involved with far harsher than usual sentences.
The riots will see prisons swell by up to 1,000 extra inmates over the next year, figures released last month showed.
And official MoJ estimates suggest that the effect of the riots will continue to be seen in prisons for the next two years.
However no places are currently activated under Operation Safeguard, which would see police cells being used to hold prisoners, a ministry spokesman said.
Other plans could involve bringing on new accommodation early, using extra places in the public and private estate, or reopening mothballed accommodation.
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Social - Divorce and the scandal of the Fatherless Family
Updated: 04 Nov 2011
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Experiments in Living: The Fatherless Family
Rebecca O'Neill (September 2002)
Summary
Fewer children live with both their mother and their father
Routes into the fatherless family
Divorce
Births outside marriage
Changes in marriage and cohabitation
Is the married two-parent family a thing of the past?
Most people still believe in the ideal of marriage and do, in fact, get married
Lone mothers
Are poorer
Are more likely to suffer from stress, depression, and other emotional and psychological problems
Have more health problems
May have more problems interacting with their children
Non-resident biological fathers
Are at risk of losing contact with their children
Are more likely to have health problems and engage in high-risk behaviour
Children living without their biological fathers
Are more likely to live in poverty and deprivation
Have more trouble in school
Tend to have more trouble getting along with others
Have higher risk of health problems
Are at greater risk of suffering physical, emotional, or sexual abuse.
Are more likely to run away from home
Teenagers living without their biological fathers
Are more likely to experience problems with sexual health
Are more likely to become teenage parents
Are more likely to offend
Are more likely to smoke
Are more likely to drink alcohol
Are more likely to take drugs
Are more likely to play truant from school
Are more likely to be excluded from school
Are more likely to leave school at 16
Are more likely to have adjustment problems
Young adults who grew up not living with their biological fathers
Are less likely to attain qualifications
Are more likely to experience unemployment
Are more likely to have low incomes
Are more likely be on income support
Are more likely to experience homelessness
Are more likely to be caught offending and go to jail
Are more likely to suffer from long term emotional and psychological problems
Are more likely to develop health problems
Tend to enter partnerships earlier and more often as a cohabitation
Are more likely to divorce or dissolve their cohabiting unions
Are more likely to have children outside marriage or outside any partnership
Effects on the Social Fabric
Increased crime and violence
Decreased community ties
A growing ‘divorce culture’
Cycle of fatherlessness
Dependence on state welfare
Poverty
Reduced parental and paternal attention
Conditions before, during and after divorce
The weight of evidence indicates that the traditional family based upon a married father and mother is still the best environment for raising children, and it forms the soundest basis for the wider society.
Experiments in Living: The Fatherless Family
John Stuart Mill famously called for ‘experiments in living’ so that we might learn from one another. For about 30 years we have been conducting such an experiment with the family. The time has now come to appraise the results.
‘As it is useful that while mankind are imperfect there should be different opinions, so is it that there should be different experiments of living; that free scope should be given to varieties of character, short of injury to others; and that the worth of different modes of life should be proved practically, when any one thinks fit to try them.’
In this passage from On Liberty (1859) the nineteenth-century champion of freedom, J.S. Mill, argued that there could be a public benefit in permitting lifestyle experimentation. His reasoning was that, just as we distinguish truth from falsehood by the clash of opinion, so we might learn how to improve human lives by permitting a contest in lifestyles. However, Mill did not expect such experiments to go on for ever. ‘It would be absurd,’ he said:
‘to pretend that people ought to live as if nothing whatever had been known in the world before they came into it; as if experience had as yet done nothing towards showing that one mode of existence, or of conduct, is preferable to another.’
In the 1970s and 1980s many people argued that the traditional family – based upon a married biological father and mother and their children – was outdated. Under the guise of ‘freedom of choice’, ‘self-fulfilment’, and ‘equal respect for all kinds of families’, feminists and social rebels led a campaign to experiment with different family structures. Sometimes it was claimed that women and children did not need men, and were, in fact, often better off without them. On occasion it was said that families were not breaking down, they were just changing; that the most important thing for children was their parents’ happiness and self-fulfilment; and that children were resilient and would suffer few negative effects of divorce and family disruption. The idea of ‘staying together for the children’s sake’ was often derided. Some parents embraced the new thinking, but not all of those who took part in the ‘fatherless family experiment’ were willing subjects. As the idea that mothers and children did not need fathers took hold, many social and legal supports for marriage weakened. Some mothers and children were simply abandoned. Some fathers were pushed away.
Mill’s argument formed part of his wider case for avoiding social control unless the interests of other people were harmed. People were entitled to act on their own opinions ‘without hindrance, either physical or moral, from their fellow-men’ so long as it was ‘at their own risk and peril’. This last proviso, he said, was ‘of course indispensable’. He insisted that:
‘When ... a person is led to violate a distinct and assignable obligation to any other person or persons, the case is taken out of the self-regarding class, and becomes amenable to moral disapprobation in the proper sense of the term.’
He specifically mentions the responsibility of a father for his children:
‘If, for example, a man, through intemperance or extravagance, becomes unable to pay his debts, or, having undertaken the moral responsibility of a family, becomes from the same cause incapable of supporting or educating them, he is deservedly reprobated, and might be justly punished; but it is for the breach of duty to his family or creditors, not for the extravagance.’
After three decades of experimenting with the fatherless family, we are now in a position to evaluate the results.
The Experiment
Fewer children live with both their mother and their father
The proportion of all households comprising a mother and father with dependent children fell from 38% in 1961 to 23% in 2001, while the percentage of lone-parent households tripled over the same period, from 2% to 6%.1
From the child’s viewpoint: 80% of dependent children live in two-parent families (including 6% who live in step-families). Another 18% live with lone mothers, and 2% with lone fathers. In 1972, 92% of children lived in two-parent families.2
According to analysis of British Household Panel Survey data, 40% of all mothers will spend some time as a lone parent.3
More people are living alone. Between 1961 and 2001, the proportion of one-person households doubled from 14% to 30%. This figure is estimated to increase to 35% by 2021.4
Routes into the fatherless family
The increase in the number and proportion of loneparent households occurred in part due to increased divorce. At the same time, other social changes were occurring. Fewer people married, and more chose to cohabit before or instead of marrying. More children were born outside marriage. These changes created several routes into fatherless households.
Divorce
The Divorce Reform Act of 1969 was followed by a spike of divorces, representing a backlog of several thousand couples who possibly had already decided to divorce. However, from 1974, the number of divorces began a gradual increase and peaked in 1993 at 180,000 in the UK. Although the actual number of divorces annually has dropped to 142,000 in 2000, this is mainly due to decreasing marriage. The annual rate of divorce has hovered around 13 per thousand married population throughout the 1990s.5
From the child’s viewpoint: Throughout the 1990s, about 55% of divorces involved a child under age 16.6 Twenty-five percent of children whose parents divorced in 2000 were under age five. Seventy percent were ten years old or younger.7 Overall, 36% of children born to married parents are likely to experience their parents’ divorce by the time they reach age 16.8
Births outside marriage
For most of the twentieth century, the percentage of births outside marriage hovered around 5%. Starting in the 1960s, the proportion began to increase gradually, reaching 10% in 1975, after which it began to increase more quickly. By 2000, the proportion of births outside marriage had quadrupled to 40%.9
Changes in Marriage and Cohabitation
Numbers and rates of first marriages have fallen drastically. The number of first marriages fell from 300,000 in 1961 to 180,000 in 2000. The rate of first marriages has fallen from 83 per thousand single women in 1961 to 33 per thousand in 2000. For men, the rate has fallen from 75 per thousand in 1961 to 26 per thousand in 2000.
Although the number of re-marriages has increased from 19,000 for men in 1961 to 75,000 in 2000 and from 18,000 to 36,000 for women, the rates have fallen sharply over the same period from 163 per thousand divorced population to 42 per thousand for men and from 97 per thousand to 36 per thousand for women.10
Marriage and re-marriage are increasingly being preceded or replaced by cohabiting unions. The proportion of single women in cohabiting relationships doubled from 13% in 1986 to 25% in 1999.11 Cohabiting unions currently make up 70% of first partnerships.12 Although cohabiting recently has become more socially acceptable, these types of unions tend to be fragile. Cohabitations last an average of two years before dissolving or being converted to marriage. Of cohabiting couples who do not marry, only about 18% survive at least ten years (compared to 75% of couples who marry).13
It is true that the percentage of children born to unpartnered mothers has remained about the same. In 2001, 7.3% of all births were registered solely to the mother (this represents 19% of all non-marital births). Another 7.3% of all births were jointly registered by the mother and the father, but the parents did not share the same address (this represents 19% of all non-marital births). Finally, 25.3% of all births were jointly registered with the mother and the father sharing the same address (these births to cohabiting couples represent 63% of all non-marital births)14 [see Figure 3]. So, many non-marital births actually occur within cohabiting partnerships. However, cohabiting unions are at much greater risk of dissolution, especially if they produce children.
So, when talking about cohabiting parents, the two important statistics to keep in mind are the following:
Cohabitation is one of the main routes into lone parenthood. Between 15% and 25% of all lone-parent families are created through the break-up of cohabitating unions.15
Children born into married unions are estimated to be twice as likely as those born into cohabiting unions to spend their entire childhood with both natural parents (70% versus 36%)[see Figure 4].16
Cohabiting step-families are also on the increase. One in fourteen children is likely to live in an informal step-family at some time before their seventeenth birthday. The cohabiting man in these cases has neither a biological nor a legal tie to the lone mother’s child.17
Is the married two-parent family a thing of the past?
Most people still believe in the ideal of marriage and do, in fact, get married
Over 50% of the adult population are married currently.18
According to the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), nearly 75% of childless cohabiting couples under the age of 35 expect to marry each other at some point in the future.19
It is estimated that nearly 90% of women born in the 1960s will marry by the time they reach the age of 45.20
Nine out of ten teenagers under age 16 want to get married. In a survey of over 2,000 students aged 13–15, only 4% agreed with the statement that ‘marriage is old-fashioned and no longer relevant’.21 Adults throughout Europe share this view. Surveys by the Economic Commission for Europe found that 85%–90% of adults rejected the notion that marriage is old-fashioned.22
The Results: How does the Fatherless Family Affect Adults, Children and Society?
NB: Indirect Effects, Selection Effects and Policy Implications
It has long been recognised that children growing up in lone-mother households are more likely to have emotional, academic, and financial problems and are more likely to engage in behaviour associated with social exclusion, such as offending, teenage pregnancy, alcohol and drug abuse or worklessness.
It can be difficult to disentangle the many factors and processes that contribute to these increased risks. For example, children from lone-mother households tend to experience more poverty than children from two-parent families. Observers might therefore ask whether poor outcomes are more the result of living in lone-mother households per se, or whether they are more the result of other factors, such as living in poverty, which may have been caused or worsened by living in a lone-mother family. In this case, some of the effects of loneparenthood operate indirectly through a kind of chain reaction causing poverty, which in turn causes other problems. These factors contribute to what are known as indirect effects.
It has also been pointed out that some of the factors which tend to coincide with living in a lone-mother household, such as poverty, may have existed prior to the break up of the parents’ marriage or cohabiting union or, in the case of unpartnered mothers, prior to the birth of the child. In other words, some of the negative outcomes experienced by children and adults who live in lone-mother households might have occurred even if the parents had maintained an intact family household. It also has been argued that lone-mother households might have been formed due to negative situations such as domestic violence or other forms of conflict.
In these cases, some of the poor outcomes experienced by those who live in lone-parent households might be the result of having lived with conflict before the family dissolution. Families with existing problems and disadvantages might be ‘selected into’ lone-parent families. On the other hand, people who have had many advantages such as a stable and loving family background, economic security, and good education may be more likely to marry and maintain a parental partnership than those who had fewer advantages. Observers might ask whether positive outcomes in these cases are due more to the pre-existing advantages which were selected into stable two-parent families or more to benefits conferred by marriage itself. These factors contribute to what are known as selection effects.
Social scientists use special study designs and statistical methods to measure indirect and selection effects. Both types of effect are real, and they do play important roles in many outcomes. However, in most cases, they do not explain all of the increased risks associated with living in lone-mother households. This has important policy implications, because, even if all lone-mother households were brought above the poverty line, they would still have increased risks of some problems.
So, comparing the proportion of people from different family structures who experience various problems does provide a good picture of how people are really living. By exploring and controlling for the role of indirect effects and selection effects, social scientists can help explain how problems occur and perhaps help to devise solutions to problems. In this factsheet, we have tried to include both types of data, whenever they are available.
Lone mothers
Are poorer
Lone mothers are twice as likely as two-parent families to live in poverty at any one time (69% of lone mothers are in the bottom 40% of household income versus 34% of couples with children).23
Lone parents have twice as much risk of experiencing persistent low income (spending three out of four years in the bottom 30% of household income) as couples with children – 50% versus 22%.24
Lone parents are more than twice as likely as couples with children to have no savings (68% versus 28%).25
Lone parents are eight times as likely to live in a workless household as couples with children (45% versus 5.4%).26
Lone parent households are over twelve times as likely to be receiving income support as couples with dependent children (51% versus 4%). They are 2.5 times as likely to be receiving working families tax credit (24% versus 9%).27
Are more likely to suffer from stress, depression, and other emotional and psychological problems
At the age of 33, divorced and never-married mothers were 2.5 times more likely than married mothers to experience high levels of psychological distress. Even after accounting for financial hardship, prior psychological distress, and other demographic factors, lone mothers were still 1.4 times more likely to have psychological distress.28
Lone mothers are seven times as likely to report problems with their ‘nerves’, even after controlling for other demographic factors.29
Have more health problems
Results from the British General Household Survey show that, even after controlling for demographic and socioeconomic circumstances, lone mothers still have significantly poorer health than partnered mothers for four out of five health variables.30
Divorced women have death rates which are 21% higher on average than those of married women. Death rates for divorced women aged 25 and older range from 35%-58% higher than those of married women of the same age.31
May have more problems interacting with their children
Young people in lone-parent families were 30% more likely than those in two-parent families to report that their parents rarely or never knew where they were.32
After controlling for other demographic factors, lone parents were
2.25 times more likely to report their child’s behaviour was upsetting to them.
30% more likely to report significant arguments with their children.
60% more likely to expect too much or have too high expectations of their child.33
Non-resident biological fathers
Are at risk of losing contact with their children
Twenty to thirty percent of non-resident fathers have not seen their children in the last year. Another 20%–40% see their children less than once per week.34
Are more likely to have health problems and engage in high-risk behaviour
Divorced men aged 20 to 60 have 70%–100% higher rates of death than married men.35
In a population of young adults, divorced men and women were twice as likely to increase their drinking compared to those who remained married. In this case, there was virtually no selection effect. In other words, heavy drinking did not lead to divorce. Rather, divorce led to heavy drinking.36
Divorced non-residential fathers were significantly more likely to smoke marijuana and to drive a car after drinking alcohol.37
Divorced men reported the highest rates of unsafe sex, with 15.7% reporting both multiple partners and lack of condom use in the previous year, compared with 3% of married men, 10.4% of cohabiting men, and 9.6% of single men.38
Children living without their biological fathers
Are more likely to live in poverty and deprivation
Children living in lone-parent households are twice as likely to be in the bottom 40% of household income distribution compared with children living in two-parent households (75% versus 40%).39
Even after controlling for low incomes, children growing up with never-married lone mothers are especially disadvantaged according to standard scales of deprivation.40
After controlling for other demographic factors, children in lone-parent households are still 2.8 times as likely to forego family outings.41
Are more likely to have emotional or mental problems
After controlling for other demographic factors, children in lone-parent households are 2.5 times as likely to be sometimes or often unhappy. They are 3.3 times as likely to score poorly on measures of self-esteem.42
Among children aged five to fifteen years in Great Britain, those from lone-parent families were twice as likely to have a mental health problem as those from intact two-parent families (16% versus 8%).43
A major longitudinal study of 1,400 American families found that 20%–25% of children of divorce showed lasting signs of depression, impulsivity (risk-taking), irresponsibility, or antisocial behaviour compared with 10% of children in intact two-parent families.44
Have more trouble in school
Children from lone-parent families are more likely to score poorly on tests of reading, mathematics, and thinking skills.45
After controlling for other demographic factors, children from lone-parent households were
3.3 times more likely to report problems with their academic work, and
50% more likely to report difficulties with teachers.46
Tend to have more trouble getting along with others
After controlling for other demographic factors, children from lone-parent households are three times as likely to report problems with friendships.47
Children from lone-parent households are more likely to have behaviour problems or engage in antisocial behaviour.48
Boys from lone-parent households are more likely to show hostility to adults and other children, and be destructive of belongings.49
Have higher risk of health problems
It has been estimated that parental divorce increases children’s risk of developing health problems by 50%.50
In England and Wales during 2000, the sudden infant death rate for babies jointly registered by unmarried parents living at different addresses was over three times greater than for babies born to a married mother and father (0.66 per 1,000 live births as compared with 0.18). Where the birth was registered in the sole name of the mother, the rate of sudden infant death was seven times greater than for those born within marriage (1.27 per 1,000 live births as compared with 0.18).51
After controlling for other demographic factors, children living in lone-parent households were 1.8 times as likely to have psychosomatic health symptoms and illness such as pains, headaches, stomach aches, and feeling sick.52
Are at greater risk of suffering physical, emotional, or sexual abuse.
According to data from the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (NSPCC), young people are five times more likely to have experienced physical abuse and emotional maltreatment if they grew up in a lone-parent family, compared with children in two-birth-parent families.53
All studies of child-abuse victims which look at family type identify the step-family as representing the highest risk to children54 – with the risk of fatal abuse being 100 times higher than in twobiological- parent families according to international from 1976.55 However, the use of the term step-father has become problematic, as, whilst it used to refer to men who were married to women with children by other men, it is now used to describe any man in the household, whether married to the mother or not. An NSPCC study of 1988 which separated married step-fathers from unmarried cohabiting men found that married step-fathers were less likely to abuse: ‘for nonnatal fathers marriage appears to be associated with a greater commitment to the father role’.56
Analysis of 35 cases of fatal abuse which were the subject of public inquiries between 1968 and 1987 showed a risk for children living with their mother and an unrelated man which was over 70 times higher than it would have been for a child with two married biological parents.57
Are more likely to run away from home
Children from lone-parent families are twice as likely to run away from home as those from two-birth-parent families (14% compared to 7%).58
Teenagers living without their biological fathers
Are more likely to experience problems with sexual health
According to the National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles, children from lone-parent households were more likely to have had intercourse before the age of 16 when compared with children from two-natural-parent households. Boys were 1.8 times as likely (42.3% versus 23%) and girls were 1.5 times as likely (36.5% versus 23.6%). After controlling for socio-economic status, level of communication with parents, educational levels and age at menarche for girls, the comparative odds of underage sex actually increased to 2.29 for boys and 1.65 for girls.
Compared to young adults from two-naturalparent households, young men from lone-parent households were 1.8 times as likely to have foregone contraception at first intercourse (13.6% versus 7.5%) and young women were 1.75 times as likely (16.1% versus 9.2%). After controlling for other factors, these comparative odds were reduced to 1.11 for men and 1.23 for women.
Girls from lone-parent households were 1.6 times as likely to become mothers before the age of 18 (11% versus 6.8%). Controlling for other factors did not reduce the comparative odds.59
Are more likely to become teenage parents
Analysis of data from the National Child Development Study (NCDS) indicated that women whose parents had divorced were twice as likely to become teenage mothers as those from intact families (25% versus 14%). Men from divorced families were 1.8 times more likely to become fathers by the age of 22 than men from intact families (23% versus 13%). After controlling for childhood poverty and behavioural and educational problems, the odds for teenage motherhood and early fatherhood were reduced to 1.4. This means that children of divorce were still 40% more likely to become parents early, even after considering other family background factors.60
Are more likely to offend
Children aged 11 to 16 years were 25% more likely to have offended in the last year if they lived in lone-parent families.61
Young men from lone-parent families were 1.6 times as likely to be persistent offenders as those from two-natural-parent families. The effects of living in lone-parent families seem to operate indirectly, through reduced levels of parental supervision.62
In focus group discussions, young people in prisons spoke frequently about disruption in their family lives and about their fathers’ absence.
One discussion went as follows:
Interviewer: ‘I’ve just realised we’ve spent the whole time and nobody’s talked about dads.’ Teenager 1: ‘That’s because there’s no dads to talk about!’ Teenager 2: ‘We don’t need dads, at the end of the day a child needs its mum.’ 63
Another young woman said: ‘…where I used to live…it’s like a rough, nasty area and you just see mums with six children, three kids, their boyfriend, not a dad. Kids grow up and they grudge other families…’ 64
Are more likely to smoke
In a sample of teenagers living in the West of Scotland, 15-year-olds from lone-parent households were twice as likely to be smokers as those from two-birth-parent homes (29% compared to 15%). After controlling for poverty, they were still 50% more likely to smoke.65
In a sample of British 16-year-olds, those living in lone-parent households were 1.5 times as likely to smoke. Controlling for sex, household income, time spent with family, and relationship with parents actually increased the odds that a teenager from a lone-parent family would smoke (to 1.8 times as likely).66
Are more likely to drink alcohol
In the West of Scotland, 18-year-old girls from lone-parent households were twice as likely to drink heavily as those from intact two-birthparent homes (17.6% compared to 9.2%). This finding holds even after controlling for poverty.67
British 16-year-olds from lone-parent households are no more likely to drink than those from intact households. This is mainly because higher levels of teenage drinking actually are associated with higher family incomes. After controlling for household income and sex, teenagers from lone-parent families were 40% more likely to drink.68
Are more likely to take drugs
At age 15, boys from lone-parent households were twice as likely as those from intact two-birthparent households to have taken any drugs (22.4% compared with 10.8%). Girls from lone-parent homes were 25% more likely to have taken drugs by the age of 15 (8.2% compared with 6.5%) and 70% more likely to have taken drugs by age 18 (33.3% compared with 19.6%). After controlling for poverty, teenagers from lone-parent homes were still 50% more likely to take drugs.69
Are more likely to play truant from school
After controlling for social class, level of parental supervision, attachment to family, whether peers and siblings were in trouble with the police and standard of work at school, boys in lone-parent households were still 2.7 times more likely to truant than those from two-natural-parent households.70
Are more likely to be excluded from school
Children living with a lone mother are three times more likely than those in two-parent families to be excluded from school (15.6% versus 4.8%).71
Are more likely to leave school at 16
Sixteen-year-olds from lone-parent households are twice as likely to leave school with no qualifications as those from intact families. Most studies have found that most or all of this increased risk occurs because lone-parent families generally are poorer, which in itself has a strong association with poor educational outcomes.72
Are more likely to have adjustment problems
In one American study, adolescents whose parents divorced tended to have increased levels of externalising problems (aggressive and delinquent behaviour) and internalising problems (emotional distress, such as depression). In most cases, this was due to a reduction in the quality of the mother’s parenting. In addition, reductions in the level of father’s involvement were associated with increases in boys’ aggression and delinquent behaviour. Girls’ increased anti-social behaviour was explained in large part by post-divorce conflict between parents. For boys, parental divorce was associated with an increase in likelihood of depression, even accounting for other factors. The authors conclude that it might be that ‘parental divorce tends to be inherently depressing for boys.’73
Young adults who grew up not living with their biological fathers
Are less likely to attain qualifications
Analysis of the National Child Development Study (NCDS) found that children from disrupted families were twice as likely to have no qualifications by the time they were 33 years old (20% versus 11% from intact families). Some of the differences in these results are due to the strong association of divorce with higher levels of poverty and behavioural problems for children. However, parental divorce during childhood also seems to have an impact in some areas which is not fully explained by those types of childhood problems. For example, after controlling for financial hardship, behaviour problems, social class and educational tests during childhood, women whose parents divorced were still 11% more likely to have no qualifications. For men, controlling for the effects of childhood problems had little effect on their reduced chances of attaining high levels of qualifications. The interactions of parental divorce and other childhood problems and how they affect the education of young adults are quite complicated. The author of this study summarised the results this way: ‘poverty and behavioural problems are important factors in reducing educational success and parental divorce can amplify both.’74 Analyses of other studies have shown that most or all of the differences in educational attainment are significantly associated with poverty.75
Are more likely to experience unemployment
At age 33, men from disrupted family backgrounds were twice as likely to be unemployed (14% compared with 7%), and 1.6 times as likely to have experienced more than one bout of unemployment since leaving school (23% compared with 14%). Again, the reasons for the differences in these risk levels are complicated. Some of the difference seems to be due to poverty and behaviour problems that existed before the divorce and persisted or deepened afterward. However, even after controlling for these factors, men whose parents divorced were still 1.4 times as likely to be unemployed and 1.3 times as likely to have experienced more than one bout of unemployment during adulthood.76
Are more likely to have low incomes
For women, the effects of parental divorce on income are complicated by the fact that parental divorce tends to increase the odds of early childbearing, which in turn reduces the likelihood that women will be employed. Women from disrupted families had median incomes that were 20% lower than those who grew up in two-parent families (£86 per week compared with £104). They were 30% more likely to be in the lowest quartile of net family incomes (32% compared with 25%). After controlling for early childbearing (which itself seems to be linked to parental divorce), women from disrupted families were still 13% less likely to be in the upper quartile of individual earnings and 20% more likely to be in the lowest quartile of family incomes.77
Are more likely be on income support
Women from disrupted families were 1.3 times as likely to be on income support at age 33 (11% compared with 8%).78
Are more likely to experience homelessness
Young adults from disrupted families are 1.7 times more likely to have experienced homelessness (6.2% compared with 3.6%). For women, all of this effect is due to the fact that children from divorced households have a higher likelihood of experiencing poverty in childhood, which is also related to homelessness in adulthood. However, for men, all the difference in level of risk may be attributable to the divorce during early childhood, rather than poverty or other problems experienced in childhood.79
Are more likely to be caught offending and go to jail
Although 20% of all dependent children live in lone-parent families, 70% of young offenders identified by Youth Offending Teams come from lone-parent families.80
American studies have shown that boys from one-parent homes were twice as likely as those from two-birth-parent families to be incarcerated by the time they reached their early 30s.81
Are more likely to suffer from long term emotional and psychological problems
In one American study, 20%-25% of children of divorce experienced long-term emotional or behavioural problems compared to 10% of children whose parents remained married.82
Another study found that 11% of young adults whose parents had divorced had seven or more symptoms of emotional distress; only 8% who grew up in intact two-parent families did.83
One study, which followed 100 children of divorce through 25 years, found that, while the divorced parents may have felt liberated, many of their children suffered emotionally.84
Are more likely to develop health problems
A Swedish study found that children of singleparent families were 30% more likely to die over the 16-year study period. After controlling for poverty, children from single-parent families were: 70% more likely to have circulatory problems, 56% more likely to show signs of mental illness, 27% more likely to report chronic aches and pains, and 26% more likely to rate their health as poor.85
NCDS data indicate that parental divorce during childhood increased the odds of young adults engaging in heavy and/or problem drinking. The link was weak when measured at age 23, but was strong by age 33. Controlling for possible mediating factors such as marital status or socio-economic circumstances did not substantially reduce the effects.86
In a sample of young women who had had intercourse before age 18, those from lone-parent households were 1.4 times as likely to have had a sexually transmitted infection by age 24 (14.3% versus 10.2%). Controlling for other factors slightly increased the comparative odds to 1.53.87 Children of divorce lived an average of four years less in one sample of white middle-class Americans.88
Tend to enter partnerships earlier and more often as a cohabitation
NCDS data indicate that men from disrupted families were 1.7 times as likely and women 2.2 times as likely to enter their first union (marriage or cohabitation) as teenagers. Controlling for poverty and other problems in childhood reduced these odds to 1.6 and 1.66 respectively. For women, it is likely that the influence of parental divorce on early partnering operates mainly through increased risks of earlier sexual activity.89
Women were 1.7 times as likely to cohabit before or instead of marrying in their first partnership if they came from a disrupted family. Men were 1.7 times as likely to cohabit before marrying and twice as likely to cohabit instead of marrying. Controlling for poverty and other childhood problems did not reduce the effects that parental divorce had on children’s preference for cohabiting.90
Are more likely to divorce or dissolve their cohabiting unions
The risk of partnership dissolution (including break-up of cohabiting unions as well as divorce) for men from disrupted families was 1.9 times higher and for women was 1.5 times higher than for those who had intact family backgrounds. These effects did not seem to operate through the experiences of childhood problems, but rather through the propensity of adults – especially women – who experienced parental divorce in childhood to enter partnerships earlier, which in turn increased the likelihood of partnership dissolution. However, even after controlling for early age at first partnership, men from disrupted families were still 30% more likely to have dissolved their first partnership.91
Are more likely to have children outside marriage or outside any partnership
Men and women from disrupted families were twice as likely to have their first child outside marriage or a cohabiting union than those who grew up in intact two-parent families (12.6% versus 6.6% for women and 7.1% versus 4% for men). The increased risk of having children outside any union operates in large part because children from disrupted families are more likely to have their first child at an earlier age, which in turn increases the risk of having children outside a partnership. Some of the risk also occurs through the increased risk of childhood problems, especially for women.92
Effects on the Social Fabric
Disruptions in family life certainly have had an impact upon the men, women and children directly involved. However, it is increasingly the case that changes in patterns of family structure also have an effect on the larger society. It is difficult to disentangle which are causes and which are effects, but it is possible to explore some of the social changes associated with changes in family life that have occurred over recent decades.
Increased crime and violence
Over the past several decades, rates of crime have increased at the same time as rates of divorce, nonmarital childbearing, and lone parenthood have increased. The relationship between crime and family environment is complicated, especially when the role of poverty is also considered. To say that one has caused the others would be too simplistic. However, many scholars and policy makers who study crime have identified family breakdown as one among a cluster of disadvantages which are associated with criminal activity and with chronic reoffending.93
An American study found that juvenile offending was affected not just by whether a particular child’s parents were married, but also by the prevalent family structures in his neighbourhood. It has been suggested that this might be the case because two-parent families are better able to monitor anti-social behaviour which often leads to more serious crime.94
A review of 17 developed nations indicated that nations with higher rates of births outside marriage, teenage parenthood, and divorce also had higher rates of child homicide.95
Many prisoners lack strong family ties, which makes rehabilitation and re-integration into the community more difficult. For example, prisoners have twice the proportion of divorce as the general population (9% versus 4%). And, although only 9% of all women in the general population are lone mothers, more than twice that proportion of women prisoners were lone mothers when they were imprisoned.96
Decreased community ties
Recent research has identified community involvement as a good measure of social capital, a term which encompasses the many resources available to people through their social networks.
Analysis of General Household Survey data shows that two-parent families are more likely to be involved with their local communities than lone-parent families. Even after controlling for education, socio-economic group and employment status, two-parent families are 25% more likely to be neighbourly, and 50% more likely to have people willing to help them if they are ill, need a lift or need to borrow money compared with lone-parent families. This relative lack of reciprocal care in lone-parent households occurs despite the finding that they actually are likely to have more friends and relatives living close by compared to two-parent families.97
A growing divorce culture
There is disagreement as to whether liberalisation of divorce laws caused increased rates of divorce, or whether legal reform was a response to increased demand for divorce. The truth probably is some combination of these hypotheses. However, the fact that divorce has been firmly established as an option for married couples can actually have an impact on people’s behaviour.
American studies have indicated that married couples who adopt favourable attitudes toward divorce end up experiencing reductions in the quality of their marriage (which can then lead to divorce). This means that, more often, the acceptance of divorce as an option precedes erosion of marital quality, rather than following it as a response.98
The increase in rates of cohabitation, both for first-time partnerships and for re-partnerships, has been linked in part to a desire to avoid divorce by having a ‘trial’ marriage or by avoiding legal ties altogether.99
Cycle of fatherlessness
There have been many historical periods in which children lived part or all of their lives without their fathers. These fathers were absent due to work or military obligations or died before their children reached adulthood.
A more recent trend involves more fathers deserting or being pushed out of their families, or their influence being reduced due to non-residence. In some families, this pattern has reproduced itself over several generations and has become the norm. Often, these families also live in areas of economic deprivation, high crime rates and low expectations. Within this environment, it has become easier and more acceptable to avoid integrating fathers into family life. These families have been described by some as ‘the underclass’ and by others as the ‘socially excluded’.100
Dependence on state welfare
The trend toward increasing numbers of lone-parent families has co-existed with increasing levels of dependence on state welfare. Several analysts of these two trends have argued that the changes in family structure have driven the increases in welfare dependence. Others have argued that they are mutually reinforcing.101
In 1971, 7% of the adult population of Great Britain was dependent upon welfare. That percentage increased gradually to peak at 13% in 1992. Since 1996, the percentage has dropped off slightly and is now at 10%. These changes occurred as the proportion of lone-parent households increased from 3% in 1971 to 6% in 2001.102
Why all these Effects?
Poverty
Many of the poor outcomes associated with disrupted family backgrounds can be explained in part by the poverty or reduced income levels that occur around divorce, separation, and lone parenthood. In some cases, up to 50% of the observed differences between children from different backgrounds can be thus explained. Poverty tends to explain more of the risks associated with educational and employment outcomes than those related to partnering and parenting behaviour.
Poverty generally is defined by household income level, but there usually is much more involved than just low income. Low income can be a proxy for a number of other factors that cluster together such as poor health, high levels of unemployment, high crime rates, unsafe neighbourhoods, low quality schools and other community resources, and low expectations. Moreover, many studies that measure and control for poverty do not measure other important factors such as the quality of parenting or the level of conflict in the home. Poverty is a serious problem, but it does not explain everything. Recent research has shown that, for many outcomes, except in cases of severe poverty, the amount of money parents have is less important than how they spend it.103
Reduced parental and paternal attention
Many of the problems associated with fatherlessness seem to be related to reduced parental attention and social resources.104 Certainly, a child living without his or her father will receive less attention than a child living with both parents. This difference in amount of attention is key, but differences in the type of parental attention are also important.
Recent scholarship has emphasised the important role played by fathers.
Social psychologists have found that fathers influence their children’s short and long-term development through several routes:
financial capital (using income to provide food, clothing, and shelter as well as resources that contribute to learning),
human capital (sharing the benefits of and providing a model of their education, skills, and work ethic), and
social capital (sharing the benefits of relationships). 105 More specifically,
The co-parental relationship of mother and father provides children with a model of adults working together, communicating, negotiating, and compromising. This dyadic resource also helps parents present a united authority, which appears much less arbitrary to children than one authority figure.
The parent/child relationship: Studies indicate that a father can contribute uniquely to the development of his children independently of the mother’s contribution. In other words, in areas such as emotional intelligence, self-esteem, competence, and confidence, the father’s influence cannot be duplicated or replaced easily by the mother, no matter how good a mother she is (note that mothers wield similar unique and independent influence in other areas, such as some behaviour problems).106 Other studies indicate that fathers can be especially important in cases where families are experiencing difficulties, such as poverty, frequent moving, or where children have learning disorders.107
Conditions before, during and after divorce
Parental divorce or separation can be thought of in terms of an ‘event’, important in its own right and because it leads to many changes. Separation can also be thought of as part of a ‘process’ which begins before separation and should be considered within that context. A consensus is developing that all of these aspects are important.108 However, divorce and separation are experienced differently by adults and children. What can seem like a ‘good divorce’ to adults can feel very different for children. In the absence of high levels of conflict, children are often not aware that their parents are experiencing difficulties. For these children, the divorce or separation itself can be problematic. It is even possible that children will be more affected by conflict created by the separation and continuing afterwards than they were when their parents were together.109
There are two categories of children most at risk for future psychological problems:
- those who grow up with parents who stay married, but remain conflicted and hostile, and
- those whose parents are in a low conflict marriage and divorce anyway.110
More than half of divorces occur in low-conflict marriages – what can be called ‘good enough’ marriages – which have a high potential for being salvaged (in one study, 64% of the couples who said they were unhappy, but stayed together and worked on their relationship, reported being happy five years later).111 Divorces in these low-conflict marriages can be very damaging to children.112
Evaluating the Results
The weight of evidence indicates that the traditional family based upon a married father and mother is still the best environment for raising children, and it forms the soundest basis for the wider society.
For many mothers, fathers and children, the ‘fatherless family’ has meant poverty, emotional heartache, ill health, lost opportunities, and a lack of stability. The social fabric – once considered flexible enough to incorporate all types of lifestyles – has been stretched and strained. Although a good society should tolerate people’s right to live as they wish, it must also hold adults responsible for the consequences of their actions. To do this, society must not shrink from evaluating the results of these actions. As J.S. Mill argued, a good society must share the lessons learnt from its experience and hold up ideals to which all can aspire.
‘Human beings owe to each other help to distinguish the better from the worse, and encouragement to choose the former and avoid the latter. They should be forever stimulating each other to increased exercise of their higher faculties and increased direction of their feelings and aims towards wise instead of foolish, elevating instead of degrading, objects and contemplations.’
-John Stuart Mill, On Liberty, 1859
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Social- Divorce -One Solution for the Women of Fortune and Child Custody
Updated: 04 Nov 2011
The Radical adds :-
I hope you don't think me presumptuous when I recommend the obvious solution.
1. Make any award to the Children and in trust if under 18
2. The Third Party representative would also advise on custody with a presumption of a 50/50 split.
There will always be exceptions as in the case of continued aggression as long as
vituperation is accepted as violence.
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Social- Divorce-The Courts are failing Children,who should be represented by a third party
Updated: 04 Nov 2011
Social- Divorcing women use their children,to gain personal financial advantage.
Radical says:- Most women, with children, seeking a divorce,
on "grounds of unreasonable behaviour" ( thats a joke !) *
are unfit to be mothers,yet the Courts completely ignore this
and on solicitors advice agree to give them custody.
And then society wonders why we are rearing delinquents,disadvantaged and depressed children.
Custody must become an issue before divorce is granted and presumption is for equality between men and women.
Assuming you agree that men should have equality with women in marriage )
The Children should always be represented by a third party
*(When has a women's behaviour ever been reasonable. Have the Courts never heard of Vituperation ?)
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Social- Divorcing women use their children for personal financial gain
Updated: 04 Nov 2011
Law shake-up 'will fuel the epidemic of fatherless families':
Proposals condemned by IDS think-tank
By Tim Shipman
Last updated at 12:41 AM on 4th November 2011
Concerns: Ian Duncan Smith
Plans to deny fathers and grandparents the legal right to see children after a family break-up will fuel an ‘epidemic of fatherlessness’ in Britain, it was claimed yesterday.
A think-tank set up by Work and Pensions Secretary Iain Duncan Smith warned that the proposals could further undermine the family.
Downing Street also turned on the Family Justice Review, drawn up by former civil servant David Norgrove, insisting its conclusions are not in line with Government policy and saying it was not duty-bound to implement it.
Mr Norgrove has recommended fathers get no legal right to equal access and reneged on an earlier pledge to write into legislation that the courts should insist a child has a ‘meaningful relationship’ with both parents.
He said handing out greater rights would lead to more legal battles for custody and delays in deciding who a child should live with.
Mr Norgrove also angered grandparents by rejecting calls to scrap an existing rule which means they have to go to court twice to gain access to their grandchildren.
He also argued grandparents can do more harm than good by interfering in fraught custody battles.
Mr Norgrove told the Mail yesterday that the Centre for Social Justice – the pro-family group established by Mr Duncan Smith and of which he remains patron – ‘supported’ his interim report in March.
Claims: Plans to deny fathers and grandparents the legal right to see children after a family break-up will fuel an 'epidemic of fatherlessness' in Britain
But minutes later the CSJ issued a powerful denunciation of the final plans, saying they would fuel the numbers of fatherless feral youths blamed for the riots this summer.
Mr Duncan Smith is leading a study of what drives young men into gangs and has vowed to fight Mr Norgrove’s proposals. He is furious the proposals could undermine David Cameron’s pledge to create the most family-friendly government ever.
The CSJ said: ‘The final report from the Norgrove Review fails to address the bias in the family law system against fathers and grandparents and will fuel the epidemic of fatherlessness in the UK.
Urgent changes are required in this legislation to reflect the vital role non-resident parents play, usually fathers, for their child’s wellbeing.’
A spokesman for the Prime Minister said: ‘It is Coalition policy that we are in favour of a meaningful relationship. We are committed to shared parenting.
We’re firmly of the view that children should have a meaningful relationship with both parents.
‘It’s an independent report. We will examine carefully the panel’s recommendations and come back with a response in due course.’
Mr Norgrove said: ‘Grandparents are very important in children’s lives but there are occasions when grandparents can either cause problems for themselves or be used by their children to get at their partner.
‘In highly conflicted cases, grandparents can play a damaging role.’
He said two court hearings were needed to ‘weed out malicious and potentially damaging’ access claims by grandparents. ‘Most of them are not a malign influence but some are,’ he added.
Numerous studies have found that grandparents should play a bigger role in the event that a child’s parents split.
Verity Gill, the founder of Grannynet, the online community for grandparents, said: ‘We are horrified to hear the rulings put forward in the report.
One million grandparents are denied access to their grandchildren in the UK today.
‘Grandparents currently contribute £3.4billion per year in childcare costs, but behind that number is the love and support that creates a stable home life for millions of children.’
CSJ executive director Gavin Poole said: ‘Norgrove’s refusal to acknowledge the importance of fathers and recommend a change to the law ignores the vast majority of public opinion and evidence about the effect absent dads have on children.'
Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2057383/Law-shake-fuel-epidemic-fatherless-families-Proposals-condemned-IDS-think-tank.html#ixzz1ciD4eLCh
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Social- Damn the kids and fathers- The end of a marriage is seen by women as a nice little earner !
Updated: 03 Nov 2011
Betrayal of the family:
Despite all those Tory promises,
fathers and grandparents will still be denied the right to see children after a divorce
Fathers will be denied the right to have a 'meaningful relationship' with their families, report suggests
Iain Duncan Smith will fight to do more for men, his aides pledge
By Tim Shipman
Last updated at 1:04 AM on 3rd November 2011
Fathers and grandparents will not be given any legal right to see children after a break-up, under the biggest changes to family law in a generation.
In what was immediately denounced as a ‘betrayal’ of the family, a major report today rules against giving men shared or equal time with their children when a relationship ends.
It suggests fathers will even be denied the legal right to maintain a ‘meaningful relationship’ with their families, as this ‘would do more harm than good’.
Frozen out: Both fathers and grandparents could lose the right to see children under a huge shake-up to family law
The review also kicks into touch Coalition pledges to make it easier to maintain contact with grandchildren when parents separate, a problem that usually affects those on the father’s side.
The long-awaited Family Justice Review was branded a ‘monstrous sham’ that undermines David Cameron’s pledge to lead the most family-friendly government in history.
The independent report was commissioned by ministers to examine the case for reform of a family law system repeatedly accused of putting rights of mothers over those of fathers and grandparents.
But its proposals – likely to form the basis of future government family policy – sparked an immediate Cabinet revolt.
Pledge: David Cameron, pictured yesterday, promised to lead the most family-friendly Government in history. Work and Pensions Secretary Iain Duncan Smith, right, will do more for fathers and grandparents, his allies said
Break-up: Fathers will lose the right to have a meaningful relationship with their children when they split from their partner, the long-awaited Family Justice Review appeared to suggest
Allies of Work and Pensions Secretary Iain Duncan Smith said he would fight to ensure the Government’s response – due to be published in January – will do more for fathers and grandparents.
A source close to the Cabinet minister said that the findings were ‘absurd’, warning that they undermined attempts to tackle the generation of fatherless youths blamed for the summer’s riots.
But Justice Secretary Ken Clarke is expected to back the review, chaired by former civil servant and Marks & Spencer executive David Norgrove.
His report was commissioned by Labour and dismissed by the Tories in Opposition as inadequate but will now form the basis of Coalition legislation.
The review comes against a backdrop of soaring divorce rates and increasing numbers of children being born out of wedlock, often to co-habitees who are more likely to break up than married couples.
Last year there were almost three million children aged under 16 living in a lone-parent household – or 24 per cent of the total.
Mr Norgrove’s findings fly in the face of studies showing that it is best for a child to have extensive access to both its father and mother.
The report says: ‘No legislation should be introduced that creates or risks creating the perception that there is a parental right to substantially shared or equal time for both parents.’
Mr Norgrove has even watered down his own interim report, published in March, which said there should be a legal presumption that children should have a ‘meaningful relationship’ with both parents.
MAGGIE'S MILLIONAIRE
The head of the Family Justice Review is a millionaire economist with three children of his own.
David Norgrove, 63, pictured, earned a reputation as a tough taskmaster during 16 years in a string of senior roles at Marks & Spencer.
He quit in 2004 following a disastrous set of Christmas results for the retailer, taking with him a £754,000 pay-off and a £100,000-a-year pension.
As trustee of the firm’s pension fund he then famously saw off a hostile £9.1billion takeover bid from Sir Philip Green.
Mr Norgrove, who lives in Islington, North London, took an unlikely career break, flying to New Zealand for a six-week stint as a farmhand.
But the former Treasury economist – who served as Margaret Thatcher’s private secretary in Downing Street – soon returned to work, becoming the first chairman of the Pensions Regulator in 2005.
He remains chairman of the Low Pay Commission.
Mr Norgrove believes that enshrining such rights in law could slow down already lengthy and expensive custody cases.
Instead, the courts will simply have to consider the benefits of a meaningful relationship when they decide where children should live and how often they should see each parent.
The final report flatly rejected claims by fathers’ rights groups that the current system is biased – despite figures showing that 93 per cent of custody battles are won by the mother.
Nadine O’Connor, of the Fathers 4 Justice campaign group, said: ‘The review is a monstrous sham and a bureaucratic exercise in improving the efficiency of injustice. It will feed the epidemic of mass fatherlessness and lead to further social unrest.
‘This report condemns children to a life without fathers with catastrophic social consequences.’
The report also contradicts pledges by senior officials earlier this year that grandparents would be given far greater rights.
Instead, they will still have to apply to court twice to see their grandchildren: once for the right to begin a case and then to seek access to their loved ones.
The Norgrove panel merely issued a tepid recommendation that their role should be ‘emphasised’.
Instead of legal protections for fathers and grandparents, the Norgrove report laid out plans to encourage parents to settle disputes before they get to court.
All parents will be given advice on drawing up ‘parenting agreements’ to divide the care of their children.
James Deuchars, of Grandparents Apart UK, said: ‘The Tories said before the election that grandparents were going to have more rights. This is a betrayal of that promise. It was all a con and a gimmick.
‘This report is trying to do away with the traditional family. The result will be more bitter and disillusioned young boys who join gangs.’
A source close to Mr Cameron said the Government has ‘certainly not’ pledged to adopt all the report’s recommendations.
But a source close to Mr Clarke described it as ‘an authoritative account of the problems and a thoughtful look at the solutions’.
The report also said no childcare case should last more than six months and recommended the creation of a Family Justice Service to focus the work of all agencies for the 500,000 children and adults caught up in the family courts each year.
Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2056869/Fathers-grandparents-denied-right-children-divorce.html#ixzz1ccORjJRL
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Social- Cooperative Enterprise Hub- Interested ? Visit www.co-operative.coop/enterprisehub
Updated: 24 Oct 2011
Co-ops and the British jobs crisis
Sunday 23 October 2011
by Nick Matthews
You would think that at a time when unemployment is once again inflicting untold damage on a new generation that any government would leave no stone unturned in getting people into work.
But there is a sector that has continued to grow through the downturn, that has outperformed British economic growth every year since the 2008 banking collapse, that is continuing to grow with the performance gap widening and is also expanding fastest in the new parts of the economy crucial for future economic development like renewable energy and environmental services.
It is a particularly resilient sector with new startups outlasting their conventional competitors by a significant margin.
A growing sector with a £33.2 billion turnover employing over 236,000 people, yet it is all but invisible when it comes to politicians and so called opinion formers.
That is of course the co-operative sector.
Today there is so much interest in forming co-ops that the small number of co-op business advisers is overwhelmed by the demand.
The Co-operative Group will by 2013 have ploughed £11 million into providing a specialist support and advice package to help new and existing co-ops to become more sustainable businesses.
The service provided through the Co-operative Enterprise Hub puts those needing advice in contact with co-operative development specialists throughout Britain to enable them to access free advice, training and consultancy.
The package can also include loans without security or personal guarantees.
Now this is a significant effort, and clearly the Co-operative Group is fulfilling one of the key principles - that of association amongst co-operatives.
Many other co-ops help in similar ways, like in Lincoln and Midcounties, but we have to be honest and admit that this terrific effort on the part of the movement is scratching the surface of the potential for new co-op start-ups.
The fact is that just one in every 3,000 new business startups is a co-op.
There are two main reasons for this.
First, the chance of finding a business adviser who has any idea about co-ops is slim.
There are some very good advisors out here in my own region - we are blessed with the Coventry and Warwickshire Co-operative Development agency and the Gloucester-based Co-operative Futures - but they have to cover a huge area with tiny staff numbers.
Some mainstream business advisors are less than helpful and do their best to steer potential co-operators down the limited company route because that is all they understand and the registration process is simpler.
Which points to the other reason and that is the sheer complexity of the regulatory environment new co-operative society's face - new co-op startups have to be compliant with 19 separate pieces of legislation.
This is a tough task when a group of people are taking a risk setting up of a new business.
Co-operatives UK helps with the process of registration ensuring that the cost is no more than establishing a limited company.
This is very important as any error in registration can create huge problems further down the line.
Now, after 13 years of a Labour government, the fact that the co-operative movement has had to win piecemeal changes to legislation through very hard-won private member's bills is a disgrace.
Sadly this is what you get when the ruling party is in thrall to the monopolistic corporate sector - a sector which despite the rhetoric fears genuine competition.
The fact is that there is no chance of the corporate sector filling the huge gap in our economy being caused by the senseless attack on the public sector.
Yet despite the government's myopia, with a relatively modest level of public support we could double the number of co-ops in Britain in a short amount of time, creating thousands of new businesses and many thousands of new jobs.
As well as startups there is another untapped source of new co-operative businesses, and that is the conversion of owner-managed businesses.
This type of business often has succession problems with no son or daughter with the skills or desire to take on the firm, often leading to closure or a painful acquisition by a competitor.
Now the obvious successors are the workers, but making this a genuine prospect requires education and support.
There is a considerable body of evidence that such transfers work well.
After all, the John Lewis model that the government is always going on about - even if drawing the wrong conclusions - was a successful transfer from private family into worker ownership.
Other examples of successful employee-owned firms include the architects and consulting engineers Arup Group, paper and board manufacturers Tullis Russell and chemical manufacturers Scott Bader.
If the government was really committed to co-operative enterprise it would not be merely trying to pass off public-sector privatisation as co-op development but would be as enthusiastic about turning private firms into co-ops.
Be in no doubt as Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett point out in their wonderful book the Spirit Level - it is worth the effort.
A country with a larger co-op sector would be a better place for all of us to live in.
Interested in starting a new co-op? Visit www.co-operative.coop/enterprisehub
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Social- "Bring out your dead"- Paupers buried - at the Council's expense
Updated: 24 Oct 2011
£2m taxpayers' bill for families unable to afford funerals
By Petrina Berry
Saturday, 22 October 2011
i
Financially pressed families cannot afford to bury loved ones, and taxpayers increasingly have to foot the bill, a report has found.
Research by the Local Government Association found councils in England and Wales funded almost 3,000 funerals last year.
Some 52 per cent of councils reported increases in families claiming not to have enough money to pay for funerals. Councils spent £2,110,000, with the average cost being £950.
David Rogers, chairman of the LGA's community wellbeing board, said the Government's complex 25-page form stopped families from claiming grants.
He said the process was slow and often failed families faced with having to pay costs up-front.
"The last thing a grieving relative needs is extra stress over whether they're going to be able to pay for and organise the funeral of their loved one," Mr Rogers said.
"There is a specific grant available to alleviate that situation, but it is so outdated, complex and confusing that it often prevents people getting the support they are entitled to."
Mr Rogers said the funeral payment covered burial or cremation costs but only provided up to £700 for other expenses, including funeral director costs.
He said this had not been updated since 2003.
Under the Public Health (Control of Disease) Act 1984, when someone dies outside of a hospital and there is no next of kin or anyone else to foot the bill, the funeral arrangements and costs fall on councils.
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Social - The UK rich live longer- and to hell with the rest
Updated: 20 Oct 2011
Boys born in Kensington today 'will live 13.5 years longer
than those in Glasgow'
Gap in life expectancy between rich and poor areas is revealed as report shows low-income families' struggle to pay bills
Randeep Ramesh, social affairs editor
guardian.co.uk,
Boys born in Kensington and Chelsea are expected to live 13.5 years longer than those in Glasgow, while for girls the gap was 11.8 years. Photograph: Frank Baron for the Guardian
The UK's inequalities have been laid bare by new statistics that show wealthier British boys born today will live 13.5 years longer than their impoverished male peers.
Meanwhile, a government-ordered report shows that low-income families are scrabbling to find more than £1bn to pay heating bills.
Data from the Office for National Statistics showed that between 2004-2006 and 2008-2010 the gap in life expectancy at birth between Kensington and Chelsea and Glasgow increased from 12.5 to 13.5 years for males and from 10.1 to 11.8 years for females.
This meant boys born in Glasgow between 2008 and 2010 could expect to live until 71.6 years. Girls born in the city at the same time had a life expectancy of 78 years.
The ONS said this suggested "that health inequalities across the UK are increasing".
Danny Dorling, a demographer at the University of Sheffield, said that the rich were pulling away from the poor – with the wealthy concentrating themselves in parts of London.
"House prices are going up rapidly in places like Kensington and Chelsea.
They do not have the same health problems and can afford food and have no problem paying fuel bills.
They are not touched by the recession."
The government has been nervous about the rise in energy bills, which have almost doubled as a share of median income since 2004.
David Cameron and Ed Miliband have both raised the issue with the electorate.
John Hills, professor of social policy at the London School of Economics, was asked by the government to look at fuel poverty.
He said the human cost was high – fuel poverty claims 2,700 lives every winter, a higher toll than the number who die in road accidents in England.
However, in a landmark report out on Wednesday, he found that the current measure was "unsatisfactory" to describe the scale and depth of the current crisis.
At present, households are in fuel poverty if they must spend at least 10% of annual income on energy to meet minimum standards of warmth.
On this measure 4m homes are in poverty – up from a million in 2003.
However, Hills said that this was not likely to have happened – and instead pointed out that by his calculations the number of households in fuel poverty had dropped by 300,000 in 13 years to 2.7m in 2009.
What had changed was the "depth of the problem".
He said that the national fuel poverty gap, the difference between the required cost of bills and what people could afford, had risen from £729m to £1.1bn in the five years to 2009.
"The real measure is that for poor households [fuel] costs have gone up from £234 a year to £404 a year.
That is not an insignificant amount of money for these households," he said.
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Social- Not all 85 year old women remain concerned about their heating bills
Updated: 19 Oct 2011
Tuesday 18 October 2011 by Spacey
85 year-old Windsor woman remains unconcerned about heating bill
An 85 year-old woman from Windsor has revealed that news of a new Sovereign Grant has given her peace of mind that she will be cosy and warm during the winter despite the soaring price of energy.
The woman, also known as the Queen, has expressed her delight that she will be able to heat her numerous homes even if she’s not in them.
“If I wanted to whack up the thermostat full blast, open all the windows and pop out for a while to wave at bystanders, then I could.”
The Queen also revealed that it’s not just the cost of heating that she doesn’t have to worry about.
“What’s to stop me going into every single room in whichever palace I happen to be in, turning on all the televisions and leaving them on?
“Nothing, that’s what!”
“I might even fancy opening all the fridge doors a fraction so that they have to work that little bit harder.”
Royal heating bill
Royal correspondent Damien Jarvis said, “To be able to continue doing things just because she can will come as a huge relief to the Queen.”
“Needlessly leaving the hot water on even after it has reached the required temperature because they can’t be arsed to get up and turn it off is something that is part of royal tradition.”
“You have to remember, having people who lead a privileged lifestyle at the taxpayers expense while some people have to decide between eating or staying warm is something that that makes us the envy of the world.”
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Social - Who really cares ?
Updated: 18 Oct 2011
Britain's care home shame
Monday 17 October 2011
Sarah Evans
Across the country local authorities have been effectively signing death warrants for thousands of elderly people.
Encouraged by the policies of successive governments, they have been waging a silent war against our old folk by closing local authority care homes.
When an elderly people's home closes around half of residents die between three and eight months of hearing the news or being moved.
That is the chilling statistic revealed by campaigning solicitor Yvonne Hossack, based on "outcome mortality data" obtained following the closures of homes in Hull, Southampton and Wolverhampton.
The stress and trauma, the loss of a family of close friends and the loss of regular carers can trigger health problems and depression, and many simply give up on life.
At best, many authorities are ignorant of the risk to life posed by care home closures. At worst some can only be seen as complicit in corporate manslaughter.
Incredibly, local authorities are not obliged to keep records on the mortality outcomes following care home closures.
It is chilling to hear the relatives of elderly residents, most of them from what Ed Miliband would identify as "middle" England and with no history of political activism, accuse a local authority of euthanasia.
But that is exactly how campaigners who have been fighting to save a local authority home in Andover have described the actions of Hampshire County Council in closing Cherry Orchard, which is home to just under 20 elderly people.
The disingenuous arguments deployed to justify closures like this and many others around the country would be laughable if the results were not so tragic.
Tory-controlled Hampshire council closed the doors on new entrants to Cherry Orchard around the time it announced its plans to close the home - and then argued that the home wasn't full.
The authority said there was shrinking demand for residential care - a sick joke to one campaigner who had been days away from having to move her dad 200 miles away because there weren't any beds in the town.
Hampshire County Council has fewer excuses than most, boasting among the biggest reserves in the country - over £250 million for its "rainy day fund."
But for the residents at Cherry Orchard and their families it is already pouring, and the council's refusal to use any of its reserves but instead to cut further and faster than even the government is demanding underlines its ideological hatred of public services.
The campaign to keep Cherry Orchard open has struck a chord in Andover. Elderly residents have been left in tears and placed under massive stress by the consistently insensitive treatment by the council, which also threatened staff that they would lose their redundancy pay if they spoke out - behaviour which has angered many in the town.
It is a situation being played out across the country.
The crisis is about to balloon as the Con-Dem government's ideological attack on our public services deepens and their cuts send the economy into a double-dip recession, which will in turn tip the private equity-financed care home "industry" into the abyss, leaving vulnerable elderly people without a home or care - unless the state steps in very quickly and starts taking responsibility.
Already Four Seasons, the company stepping in to "save" Southern Cross, is reported to be in need of refinancing its own debt.
Despite a growing elderly population, some local authorities argue that more people want to be cared for at home and that fewer people want residential care.
Of course no-one wants to get old and need help from a stranger with the most intimate of functions - we all hope to be active until we pop our clogs.
But it is when people can no longer stay in their own homes that they may need residential care, and it is government policy over the last 20 years that has made access to it progressively more difficult, while increasingly what provision there is is now in the hands of profit-hungry private-sector granny farmers.
Extra care at home is great if it works, but that is not always the case.
Far too often private contractors with pared-down staff on low pay and with minimal training leave elderly folk in their own faeces and without food and water.
Family members denied access to support are left to become unpaid carers themselves - many are forced to give up their jobs and put their own well-being at risk.
This might save the exchequer billions, but it is a false economy, as full-time carers are no longer taxpayers and there is an incalculable burden on the health service.
Pre-booking respite is often not possible in the private sector, and costs around twice as much as local authority respite care.
Yet despite this national care crisis, local authority homes are still closing.
One person who is all too familiar with this brutality is Yvonne Hossack, whose campaigning advocacy has saved more than 80 local authority care homes from closure - and who likens government policy, including that of the previous new Labour administration, to mass murder.
"There is an urgent need for the government to impose a moratorium on local authority care home closures and for a public inquiry into the deaths of old folk following closures," says Hossack.
That call has now been tabled in Parliament by Hayes and Harlington MP John McDonnell, in an early day motion welcomed by organisations including the National Pensioners Convention and CarerWatch.
Local authority care homes are a cornerstone of a caring society that has taken decades to build and we have to stop local authorities closing any more of them if we are to prevent a major catastrophe.
Transferring caring responsibility to privateers who put profit ahead of care will only result in more abuse and more unnecessary deaths - yet, as with the government's wider war on public services and the NHS, that is the prospect facing us.
All of us might one day need a decent, professionally run care home for ourselves or a loved one, and it is in all our interests to demand an end to the closures.
We can start by urging our MPs to sign EDM 2251.
EDM 2251: The contents
This House notes with deep concern the worsening crisis for elderly care as growing numbers of local authority and private care homes face closure
Acknowledges concerns that the loss of elderly people's care homes causes fear, anxiety and, in many cases, a higher mortality rate when vulnerable, elderly people are forced to leave their homes
Further notes that the Southern Cross crisis will increase the need for local authority care
And therefore calls on the government to hold a public inquiry into the deaths following closures of local authority care homes and impose a moratorium on the closure of local authority care homes until that inquiry publishes its results to ensure that vulnerable, elderly people's lives are not put at further risk.
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Social- Care is basically about common sense but is that lacking ?
Updated: 17 Oct 2011
Elderly care should focus on basic patient needs
Radical- I shall say this only once.
The Nursing Profession is responsible for the lack of basic care by students of nursing and this has been going on for 40 years.
Taking Nurses out of the care environment into the schools and elevating the profession to degree status was responsible.
It divided nurses and the profession.
Nurses came into the profession to put the "cool hand on the fevered brow", a maternal instinct.
Many of the teachers were thinkers and not doers.
Nursing to a large extent is commonsense and basic training of the care needs.
The medical world has moved on and has become more involved but nursing can still be an art and a science.
What is important is for the profession to be attractive to carers.
These are girls and boys who want to care and want to do a job well for the sake of it.
Fortunately we have enjoyed a large immigrant population who have come to replace the basic care shortfall in our own numbers.
They must receive equal status and opportunity.
Nursing used to be a task orientated profession,similar to the Armed Services but that changed to a Process where nurses decided the patients needs.
That changed the profession for the better.
The NHS
If you want my opinion for what its worth, I would relieve half the administration of their roles and give that back to the Medics, Nurses and Technical Staff responsibility for smaller units within a larger complex.
Medics would have to decide between Private and Public work, not both. The Hospital Secretary would be just that.
Responsibility and finance would be delegated.
Units responible for budgets.
And bring back Matron.
I have to say that - I was one - well a male one. A Patron ?
A report from the Care Quality Commission shows basic human rights are being overlooked in the care of older people, says Melanie Henwood
The latest report from the Care Quality Commission on the poor treatment of many older people in hospital has is a cause for concern.
The findings reveal a shocking picture of sub-standard care that has become institutionalised in many hospitals where the basic principles of human rights and dignity are ignored.
There has been much discussion, in particular, of the failings of nursing training.
One line of argument is that patient neglect is somehow due to nurses spending too much training time in the classroom and not enough on the ward.
Nursing as a degree level profession is also blamed.
This is over-simplistic and trite.
Why should academic knowledge be antithetical to compassion and understanding?
Nonetheless, there are training issues, particularly in addressing person-centred support and looking at the needs of the individual, rather than using a task-based approach.
The most basic nursing (often the most important elements for patients) including cleanliness, being comfortable and being able to eat and drink, is often delegated to health care assistants rather than done by qualified nurses. This can serve to demean and devalue such care.
Successive governments have failed to grasp the issue of regulating health care assistants and specifying the training, standards and competencies they should achieve.
While it should be common sense and fundamental to basic humanity to treat people with dignity and empathy, it is clear that it is all too easy for this to slip, particularly if no one challenges poor practice.
The CQC is right to emphasise the importance of management and leadership within hospitals in creating "a culture in which good care can flourish".
More than that, the culture must be one in which good care is a fundamental requirement at all levels of staffing, from the ward to the boardroom.
Dame Jo Williams, chair of CQC, commented that despite examples of good and excellent care, around half of the hospitals visited gave the inspection teams "cause for concern".
Part of the solution lies in resources, and while well-resourced hospitals can still provide poor care, and vice versa, "there are levels of under-resourcing that make poor care more likely".
It is a complex picture, however, as Dame Jo acknowledges in her remark that "kindness and compassion costs nothing".
The poor care shown to many older people in failing to respect them, or offer them dignity and privacy, is sadly familiar from previous studies of hospital care for older people and also from similar evidence in relation to people with learning disabilities, physical disabilities and mental illness.
How and why this can happen is well understood; people who are 'different' or vulnerable and less able to assert themselves can be at risk of being bullied, abused or ignored.
Reading this latest report shocked us, and made us feel uneasy.
What kind of society allows indignities to develop and thrive as if they were perfectly acceptable?
Hospital managers, boards and care staff all have a responsibility to challenge poor practice and reinforce basic values around dignity and respect.
But they are not the only ones.
Don't we all have a role to play too in our day to day interactions with fellow citizens?
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Social-Politics of Immigration,the UKBA & Entry Clearance & Institutional Racial prejudice
Updated: 15 Oct 2011
Welcome to snooperland
Friday 14 October 2011
John Millington
In a time of increasing austerity all hands are on deck to defend against the backlash of the bosses and the government, their partners in crime.
Naturally other things will fall off the agenda.
Maybe this is what David Cameron hoped for when releasing his less than nuanced thoughts on immigration this week.
Dressed up in the language of protecting women - particularly non-EU nationals -
from forced marriages a strange scenario was created where the Tories appeared to be arguing in favour of human rights.
"Forced marriage is little more than slavery," the PM said.
"To force someone into marriage is completely wrong and I strongly believe this is a problem we should not shy away from addressing because of some cultural concerns.
"If we take the steps set out today and deal with all the different avenues of migration, legal and illegal, then levels of immigration can return to where they were in the 1980s and '90s... a time when immigration was not a front-rank political issue."
Some might say that sounds all well and good.
But a closer inspection of the speech reveals it as a liberal hook to deliver an unambiguous message that immigrants are not welcome in Britain.
These are the immigrants who are poor.
They're probably black, feeling persecution or seeking work because of an IMF structural adjustment programme which has just opened up their country to the ravages of trans-national capital.
Mr Cameron displayed a somewhat different approach to "talented" migrants.
"It is right that we should attract the brightest and the best to Britain," he said.
"We genuinely need foreign investors and entrepreneurs to come here.
'Our high streets are home to entrepreneurs who are not just adding to the local economy but playing a part in local life."
Switching smoothly between different types and classes of migrants, the old imperialist trick of divide and rule was not lost on the boy from Eton, attempting to blame mass migration for putting an unbearable strain on the welfare system.
"While it's crude and wrong to say immigrants come to Britain and take all our jobs there's no doubt that badly controlled immigration has compounded the failure of our welfare system and allowed governments and employers to carry on with the waste of people stuck on welfare when they should be working," Cameron argued.
"And there is also concern that relatively uncontrolled immigration can hurt the low paid and the low skilled, while the better off reap many of the benefits.
I'm going to argue how I believe this government can act in a way that will genuinely tackle the problem, avoiding the dangers that opponents of reform have put forward," he pledged.
But after waving his crusading sword around, the Prime Minister saved his rapier thrust for migrant families.
He said "A sample of more than 500 family migration cases found that over 70 per cent of UK-based sponsors had post-tax earnings of less than £20,000 a year.
"When the income level of the sponsor is this low, there is an obvious risk that the migrants and their family will become a significant burden on the welfare system and the taxpayer.
"So we have asked the Migration Advisory Committee to look at the case for increasing the minimum level for appropriate maintenance.
And we're going to look at further measures to ensure financial independence: discounting promises of support from family and friends, and whether a financial bond would be appropriate in some cases."
Not fooled by Cameron's pseudo concern for the rights of women and the hard working taxpayer, director of the Migrants Rights Network Don Flynn pointed out that the PM's plan would mean the right to family life would be for those who could afford to pay.
He said: "There is a lot of be gravely concerned about in this package, but right at the front of the list is the news that families will have to demonstrate post-tax earnings greater than £20,000 a year if they are to be joined by their loved ones.
"This means that we are looking at a gross annual salary of around £25,000 if people are event to begin to be eligible to bring their family to join them."
Flynn believes that financial qualifications of this sort should not be allowed to determine a right to family life in Britain.
"We are not just talking about immigrants here," he said, "but also large numbers of British citizens who marry someone who is not from a European Union country."
But Flynn wasn't done there, highlighting other aspects of concern in Mr Cameron's speech.
"The Prime Minister has said that he wants everyone to report 'suspected illegal immigrants' to the UK Border Agency through the Crimestoppers phone line.
"But how do ordinary people know who these immigrants with residence issue problems actually are?
"Do they act against the obviously foreign family who have moved in down their street because they 'speak funny'?
Is being black or Muslim the sort of thing that is worth having a chat about with the UK Border Agency?"
Flynn's final point gets to the nub of the matter and exposes a Prime Minister playing the race card to secure cheap political points and distract people from his own government's attacks on the welfare state.
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Social- The Rich are different from you and me - They are more selfish
Updated: 13 Oct 2011
Wealth, poverty and compassion
The rich are different from you and me
They are more selfish
Jul 29th 2010 | from the print edition
In their first experiment, Dr Piff and his team recruited 115 people.
To start with, these volunteers were asked to engage in a series of bogus activities, in order to create a misleading impression of the purpose of the research.
Eventually, each was told he had been paired with an anonymous partner seated in a different room.
Participants were given ten credits and advised that their task was to decide how many of these credits they wanted to keep for themselves and how many (if any) they wished to transfer to their partner.
They were also told that the credits they had at the end of the game would be worth real money and that their partners would have no ability to interfere with the outcome.
A week before the game was run, participants were asked their ethnic backgrounds, sex, age, frequency of attendance at religious services and socioeconomic status.
During this part of the study, they were presented with a drawing of a ladder with ten rungs on it.
Each rung represented people of different levels of education, income and occupational status.
They were asked to place an “X” on the rung they felt corresponded to where they stood relative to others in their own community.
The average number of credits people gave away was 4.1.
However, an analysis of the results showed that generosity increased as participants’ assessment of their own social status fell.
Those who rated themselves at the bottom of the ladder gave away 44% more of their credits than those who put their crosses at the top, even when the effects of age, sex, ethnicity and religiousness had been accounted for.
The prince and the pauper
In follow-up experiments, the researchers asked participants to imagine and write about a hypothetical interaction with someone who was extremely wealthy or extremely poor.
This sort of storytelling is used routinely by psychologists when they wish to induce a temporary change in someone’s point of view.
In this case the change intended was to that of a higher or lower social class than the individual perceived he normally belonged to.
The researchers then asked participants to indicate what percentage of a person’s income should be spent on charitable donations.
They found that both real lower-class participants and those temporarily induced to rank themselves as lower class felt that a greater share of a person’s salary should be used to support charity.
Upper-class participants said 2.1% of incomes should be donated.
Lower-class individuals felt that 5.6% was the appropriate slice. Upper-class participants who were induced to believe they were lower class suggested 3.1%.
And lower-class individuals who had been “psychologically promoted” thought 3.3% was about right.
A final experiment attempted to test how helpful people of different classes are when actually exposed to a person in need. This time participants were “primed” with video clips, rather than by storytelling, into more or less compassionate states.
The researchers then measured their reaction to another participant (actually a research associate) who turned up late and thus needed help with the experimental procedure.
In this case priming made no difference to the lower classes.
They always showed compassion to the latecomer.
The upper classes, though, could be influenced.
Those shown a compassion-inducing video behaved in a more sympathetic way than those shown emotionally neutral footage.
That suggests the rich are capable of compassion, if somebody reminds them, but do not show it spontaneously.
One interpretation of all this might be that selfish people find it easier to become rich.
Some of the experiments Dr Piff conducted, however, sorted people by the income of the family in which the participant grew up.
This revealed that whether high status was inherited or earned made no difference—so the idea that it is the self-made who are especially selfish does not work.
Dr Piff himself suggests that the increased compassion which seems to exist among the poor increases generosity and helpfulness, and promotes a level of trust and co-operation that can prove essential for survival during hard times.
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Social-Prison is not the answer for petty criminals
Updated: 05 Oct 2011
Prisons are bursting at the seams !
And its shown it doesn’t work for petty criminals.
So what is the alternative ?
What shall we do with the non violent offender ?
A) Make them MP’s ?
B) Give them Capital to start a business?
C) Give them a secure job in the Community ?
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Social-Women's Bad Moods
Updated: 05 Dec 2011
Women’s Bad Moods
You have heard all the usual reasons.
Wrong time of the month
Testing the partner
Illogical reasoning
But enough is enough !
There are so many fish in the sea that men should draw the line in the sand.
Ask her….
What is your plan ?
If she wants money
Tell her to go an earn some
If she wants a divorce or to leave
Show her the door
Of course you may be up to your neck in it !
Kids
Debt
Valuables to protect
So ?
Why did you get into that situation in the first place.?
Its easy to say that in hindsight.
And do we ever learn ?
Count your divorces not escapes!
Then answer that question yourself.
Time for men to get liberated ?
Time to get wise, organised and independent.
It may seem a daunting task but….
How many bad moods will it take
Are you a mouse
(A wee sleekit cow'rin tim'rous beastie ) ?
No of course not
You’re a man
And on course get the odds stacked better in your favour.
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Social- Who wants to work forever ?
Updated: 03 Oct 2011
Who wants to work forever?
Friday 30 September 2011
There's a peculiar double-edged quality about tomorrow's shift in the retirement age which should not go unremarked by anyone on the left.
From midnight, bosses will no longer be able to set a mandatory retirement age at which employees can be forced into retirement.
But there's something very equivocal about that word "forced."
It implies that everyone reaching the state retirement age is desperate to continue working but has previously been dragged kicking and screaming into enforced and unwelcome idleness.
That's a remarkable inversion of the truth and one which has to be taken with a very large pinch of salt.
Because the truth is that the mandatory retirement age was not an imposition but a right which workers fought long and hard for, providing them with the chance for some leisure years at the end of a long and often arduous working life.
Coupled with the state pension, which started in 1948 following the Beveridge Report, it freed many workers from the necessity to work until they dropped dead in the fields or factories and was one of the huge advances for working people in the immediate post-war period.
So it's just a little startling to see the abolition of the mandatory retirement age hailed as progressive by age-related charities.
The reality of the case is that most people who want to continue working after they are 65 do so because they simply can't afford to retire.
Certainly there are many people who can't contemplate retirement because they feel that they still have much to contribute and feel that they would be bored out of their minds by retirement.
And for these people the chance to continue working is a blessing.
But the problems that arise will not be for them, but for those who are forced to continue employment by an inadequate state pension and a lifelong inability to save because of low pay in work.
These will generally - although not always - be people in manual unskilled and semi-skilled jobs, precisely those jobs which are physically demanding and will only get more so as the years advance.
The freedom to continue working after 65 implies that the worker will be capable of doing so - an implication that is less valid the lower down the payscale you go.
And the abolition of a mandatory retirement age should not be seen in isolation, as the charities appear to be doing.
It goes hand-in-hand with the coalition Tory-led government focusing on raising the pensionable age as far as it can get away with.
And it sits easily with the current attacks on the retirement age and pension schemes in the public sector.
However, Saga director general Ros Altmann still says: "To think that it's normal to be paid not to work for decades, it's not really sensible."
We shall wait with interest to see at what age top-flight merchant banker and government economics adviser Ms Altmann, now in her mid-fifties, retires.
It might also be appropriate to remind her that being paid not to work for decades is commonplace in the upper echelons of the managerial fraternity, where the golf club is more common than the club hammer.
So work on if you wish, but remember that today's common practice can easily become tomorrow's mandatory requirement.
It's one thing to work on because you want to. it's quite another thing to work on because you have to
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Social- More UK Poor Need Food Handouts
Updated: 02 Oct 2011
Sharp rise in demand for food handouts
from poverty-stricken families
Food charity FareShare sees a 20% rise in demand, much of it from people hit by unemployment and benefit changes
Jay Rayner
guardian.co.uk, Saturday 1 October 2011 20.47 BST
Britain has seen a sharp increase in the number of people unable to afford to feed themselves at the most basic level, thanks to the worsening economic climate and changes to the benefit system, according to a survey by a leading food charity.
In the past year FareShare, which redistributes waste food from major food manufacturers and supermarkets to social care charities, has seen a 20% rise in the number of people it is feeding – from 29,500 a year to 35,000.
And many of those, blighted by rising unemployment and business failures, are coming from the sorts of stable family backgrounds once considered immune to the worst effects of recession.
The new findings, which are backed up by research from other organisations working in the same field, will make sobering reading for the Conservative party as it gathers in Manchester this weekend for its annual conference, where the direction of the government's stringent deficit reduction programme will be carefully scrutinised.
The number of charities that have signed up to receive food from FareShare, which operates from 17 sites across the UK, has also risen in the past 12 months, from 600 to 700. More than 40% of those charities are recording increases in demand for their feeding services of up to 50%.
"People in our communities are going to bed hungry because they can't afford to feed themselves," said Lindsay Boswell, chief executive of FareShare. "This is a huge problem and it's right here, in our neighbourhoods, on our streets. This is outrageous enough even before you factor in the thousands of tonnes of good food thrown away each year. It's illogical and frankly immoral that these problems coexist."
The food that FareShare distributes would generally end up in landfill sites. It is discarded by major supermarkets such as Sainsbury's, Tesco and M&S, because it's out of date, or surplus to demand or as a result of printing errors on the packaging.
It's estimated that three million tonnes of food like this is being wasted in Britain every year, of which FareShare gets hold of about 1%. "Demand for our food is going up far faster than we can source it," Boswell said. "As a charity we started out purely interested in liberating waste. We are an environmental charity that gets bloody angry about food being thrown away. However, we're clear that it is the alleviation of poverty which now leads what we do."
One of the major changes seen by FareShare and organisations like it is in the type of people they are now feeding. Where once it was single homeless and the chronically destitute now it's increasingly families and working people who have fallen on hard times.
In the past year, the Salisbury-based Trussell Trust has seen the number of people it is feeding rise from 41,000 to 61,500. It runs more than 100 food banks around the country, distributing emergency food parcels to people in dire need who have been referred to it by social care organisations and charities.
"We're seeing a big increase in what you could call, for want of a better phrase, normal working people, those who have lost their jobs or seen their own businesses go under," says Jeremy Ravn, manager of the food bank network. "The big problem is that the welfare state is not reacting fast enough to need."
An increasing time lag between benefits claims being accepted and the date when payments come on stream is, Ravn says, resulting in some people suffering serious hunger.
A spokesperson for the Department of Work and Pensions denied there had been any changes to the system for paying benefits which could be blamed for the sharp increase in the number of people requiring food aid.
However he said that a series of reforms, including the controversial plan by work and pensions secretary Iain Duncan Smith for a universal credit to replace a slate of existing benefits, was now more necessary. "This will help us get back to a working welfare state where people don't have to rely on food parcels," the spokesperson said.
• More than one in five workers now earn less than a "living wage", says the Resolution Foundation thinktank. Its head, Gavin Kelly, said the research showed how pervasive low pay is.
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Living room for Dale Farm Residents ?-Social
Updated: 27 Sep 2011
Week's grace for travellers as judge delays eviction
Monday 26 September 2011
by Rory MacKinnon
Dale Farm families gained a few days' grace today when High Court judge Justice Edwards-Stuart extended a week-long injunction against Basildon council's eviction order.
Residents and supporters cheered at their Essex home and outside the court as they heard the ruling.
The injunction, brought last Monday, required the council to inform each resident of their plans on a plot-by-plot basis.
Had it lapsed the council had bailiffs and demolition equipment on site, poised to begin evictions first thing tomorrow morning.
But the extension relates only to the legality of eviction orders on six specific plots - meaning the court may decide on a partial eviction of the site.
Spokeswomen at Dale Farm said a partial eviction would be a "no-win" situation for everyone, as the council would still be unable to return the land to greenbelt.
Resident Kathleen McCarthy said the conflict wasn't going anywhere - it was "just breaking all our hearts and nobody is winning anything."
She condemned the operation's "senseless" social and financial cost, estimated at £18 million.
"We need to find a way out of this that isn't going to break our people up, tear this community apart and break the bank at Basildon council at the same time," she said.
Dale Farm Solidarity's Kate O'Shea pointed out that both the UN and local bishops had offered to mediate talks between residents and the council and urged council leader Tony Ball to accept their offer.
"The situation at Dale Farm needs a sensible and common-sense approach and we urge all parties to find an amicable solution," she said.
Mr Ball could not be reached for comment.
The hearing resumes on Thursday.
The settlement at Cray's Hill in Essex is one of Britain's biggest traveller camps.
Dale Farm is home to over 1,000 people, with the disputed half of the site housing some 80 families.
Travellers have lived there since the early 1970s and legally own the land, but Basildon council has repeatedly refused to permit housing on the site, arguing that the former scrapyard is technically protected greenbelt.
The residents say they have offered to relocate if the council provides new pitches but the proposal has fallen on deaf ears.
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A LIFE OF SIGHING, OR EAT, DRINK & BE MERRY ?-SOCIAL
Updated: 26 Sep 2011
Eat, drink, and be merry, for tomorrow we die
We should enjoy life as much as possible, because it will be over soon.
This saying is based on verses from the biblical books of Ecclesiastes and Isaiah.
A LIFE OF SIGHING ?
DO THIS – DON’T DO THAT – OBSERVE THE OTHER –
BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOUR EVERY MOVE.
CCTV- SPEED CAMERAS – NEIGHBOURHOOD WATCH
NO ! I AM NOT SUGGESTING WE BECOME A BUNCH OF MONKS
BUT AFTER THREE SCORE YEARS AND TEN
WHY SHOULD WE NOT “LIVE TO EAT”RATHER THAN “EATING TO LIVE”?
IF WE ARE TO BE SUBJECTED TO A DIET IN LATE LIFE OF EVERY DISEASE UNDER THE SUN ACCORDING TO THE GLOOM DOOMERS
WHY BE MISERABLE ?
EVERYTHING IN MODERATION IS A REASONABLE APPROACH TO LIFE
BUT WILL SOCIETY LET YOU ?
THE CONSUMER SOCIETY – CONVINCING YOU OF YOUR NEED FOR MOST THINGS YOU DON’T REALLY NEED.
BUY BUY BUY- EVEN ON CREDIT BUT BUY ?
WORK WORK WORK UNTIL YOU DROP TO PAY FOR THE BUY BUY BUY
EVEN THE BASIC COMMODITIES OF LIFE GIVE YOU PAIN ?
HEATING – HEALTH – HASSLE -THE HIGH AND MIGHTY AND HOGWASH
SO PLEASE REMEMBER WE ARE ALL DYING SLOWLY
BUT STICK TWO FINGERS UP ON THOSE WHO WANT YOU TO GO CHEAPILY.
TO THE CENTURIANS I SAY JUST THIS – KEEP COLLECTING YOUR PENSION- YOU DESERVED IT.
AND THE CENTURIANS WOULD REPLY – EAT DRINK AND BE VERY MERRY
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US POVERTY,REACHES 1 IN 4 CHILDREN- SOCIAL
Updated: 26 Sep 2011
http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2011/09/22/nearly-1-in-4-young-children-now-live-in-poverty/
Nearly 1 in 4 young children now live in poverty in U.S.
By Eric W. Dolan Thursday, September 22nd, 2011 -- 4:46 pm
The number of children living in poverty in the United States increased by 2.6 million since the recession began in 2007, bringing the total to an estimated 15.7 million poor children in 2010, according to researchers from the Carsey Institute at the University of New Hampshire.
The researchers estimate that nearly 1 in 4 children under the age of 6 now live in poverty.
Big cities and rural areas have the highest rates of poverty among young children. Thirty-one percent of children under age 6 in America’s cities and 30 percent of young children in rural areas are poor.
In contrast, 19 percent of young children living in the suburbs are poor.
"It is important to understand young child poverty specifically, as children who are poor before age 6 have been shown to experience educational deficits, and health problems, with effects that span the life course," the researchers said.
The report was based on the U.S. Census Bureau annual report on poverty, which outlined the dramatic decline in income and employment in the U.S. The definition of poverty was an annual income of $22,314 for a family of four, and $11,139 for a single person in 2010.
The census data showed the median annual household income falling 2.3 percent to $49,445. The 46.2 million Americans living in poverty is the highest amount since the Census began recording the statistic 52 years ago.
Researchers found that the number of children living in poverty increased from 14.7 million in 2009 to 15.7 million in 2010.
The South has the highest rates of child poverty at an estimated 24.2 percent, and the Northeast has the lowest rates at an estimated 17.8 percent.
Mississippi has the highest percentage of children living in poverty at 32.5 percent and New Hampshire has the lowest percentage of children living in poverty at 10 percent.
"That child poverty is continuing to rise in the aftermath of the recession highlights the necessity of policies that can support vulnerable children and families," the researchers said. "Congressional concerns over the federal debt have already resulted in an agreement that will force significant cuts to domestic spending, including many programs that serve children and families."
"Though budget cuts are unavoidable, policy makers should carefully consider how cuts are distributed, keeping America’s most vulnerable families in mind as the effects of the recession reverberate, as demonstrated by high child poverty rates."
The research was conducted by Jessica Bean, Beth Mattingly and Andrew Schaefer. The full report is available here (PDF).
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TRAVELLING PEOPLE- AND THE KEEP THEM MOVING ON POLICY- SOCIAL
Updated: 21 Sep 2011
Hatred and hypocrisy
Tuesday 20 September 2011
by Ann Czernik
Institutional racism was defined by the Stephen Lawrence report as "collective failure of an organisation to provide an appropriate and professional service to people because of their colour, culture or ethnic origin."
Under this definition the forced eviction of Dale Farm travellers is the biggest single incident of institutionalised racism in Britain, defying commercial or common sense.
Leader of Conservative Basildon council Tony Ball has staked his political career on the eviction, promising to resign if the travellers were not gone by the autumn.
Last December Ramsden Crays Residents Association manoeuvred Ball into stating "that illegal sites at Dale Farm and Hovefields must be cleared this municipal year."
If Ball doesn't deliver, anti-traveller campaigners will make it untenable for him to stay.
Lynda Gordon, Labour Group leader at Basildon council, says: "The council doesn't have to pursue [the travellers] at this stage.
"We can continue to negotiate and try to find them somewhere else to live, but the council doesn't want to do that because they will come under enormous pressure whatever site they choose."
A report by the University of Salford, Looking Back, Moving Forward, found that the main barrier to providing the required additional pitches was anti-traveller feeling.
During a consultation with Essex planners, including representatives from Basildon, Councillor Phil Rackley of the council's planning committee noted planners advised refusal of every traveller application - even before the application was accepted for consideration.
Rackley thinks the issue is "dividing the whole community.
The anti-traveller movement in Crays Hill is in a minority, but they've got political will."
He sighs when I ask him if it will ever be possible to find additional pitches in Basildon.
"It's the obvious solution. It's a question of political will and the administration that runs the council," he says.
The administration has rejected what Gordon believes is the principled position to provide additional pitches despite anti-traveller racism.
Grattan Puxon of Dale Farm Residents Association says that when Homes and Community Agency land was offered at the nearby town of Pitsea, Basildon MP John Baron "notoriously stood outside a supermarket close to the site and helped collect 5,000 signatures, but the council also sent out a letter to all the residents of Pitsea which produced 400 complaints because really they were canvassing for complaints by doing that."
The application was refused as it was felt the site would cause "disturbance."
This policy seemingly acknowledges anti-traveller feeling as a planning consideration.
Gordon is concerned because "reports are written in a biased fashion.
I've questioned if information is relevant or a material consideration - why it should be in a report - but it's like flogging a dead horse."
Not one additional pitch has been created in the past 10 years and many unauthorised pitches have been the lost when authorities "enforced planning conditions."
Despite Ball's inflated claims that he is "upholding the law," planning enforcement is discretionary.
Travellers have not broken the law, merely contravened planning policy.
Planning permission could have been granted under the rural exceptions caveat if Basildon had been determined to meet its legal obligations.
The defence of five acres of hardstanding to preserve the countryside is manifestly hypocritical when green belt development in Basildon is scrutinised.
Basildon plans to sell much of its open spaces.
Head planner Clive Simpson's decision to approve a landfill site on the local golf course was described as "legally inadequate" by a judicial review.
Development has taken place on the green belt at the Billericay School Farm site, Bank Hall and Gloucester Park.
The Dry Street wildlife haven, which the Conservatives vowed to protect, recently gained Basildon Council approval for hundreds of "aspirational" homes.
Basildon approves selective green belt development.
So why is it attaching such importance to a tiny piece of land with no conservation value bordered by land earmarked for development?
In November the Homes and Community Agency (HCA) offered an alternative site on HCA land in Basildon. The council pulled out of the "secret" talks.
A few weeks later the HCA announced that it would not pursue the matter without the backing of Basildon council.
Without the will, there is unlikely to be a way to provide additional traveller pitches in Basildon.
A further application to locate traveller pitches on HCA land at Church Street which fulfilled development criteria was turned down due to "conservation issues" and "vehicular access."
Yet the Highways Agency had no objections and a comprehensive biodiversity report highlighted the fact that without remediation the conservation value of the land was questionable.
The report concluded that development should have been possible if measures to increase and protect biodiversity were adopted.
Rackley has no recollection of having seen the report but he remembers that planners recommended refusal.
Gordon says that "Conservatives don't seem to have the same opposition to Dry Street.
It's of special interest and environmentally it would be a disaster if it was developed. They have a completely different view on Dry Street as opposed to the small site behind St Nicholas church.
"Lo and behold, travellers wanted to use it and then [they say] we must save it, come what may."
Puxon says: "It would be possible to have a transfer of all the families at Dale Farm peacefully. They [the council] would rather see everybody kicked out of the district so that they don't ever have to fulfil that duty."
Gordon agrees with this and thinks that "Basildon is basically saying we've got enough [traveller sites] and we won't take any more.
Well, that doesn't really help the people of Dale Farm who have a local connection but they are being asked to leave the site when there is no other provision for them.
"Unless they want to split up, take them away from the services they need, from their family support, why should the travellers be treated in that way when nobody in the settled community would stand for it?"
Britain has been accused of breaching international law by denying Dale Farm travellers the right to adequate housing, the right to be defended against forced eviction and protection from discrimination.
The government's shameful decision to back the eviction ignores international protocol and undermines Britain's claim to uphold human rights in any other part of the world.
David Cameron personally intervened to ensure that Basildon received public funding to meet the £18.5 million cost of the eviction.
No other ethnic minority in Britain would accept such an attempt to destroy their culture and way of life.
Like the inquiry into the death of Stephen Lawrence, the eviction of travellers at Dale Farm is a defining moment in British race relations.
The enforced eviction of Dale Farm travellers raises urgent questions as to the fundamental changes that are necessary to ensure politicians, governments and institutions respond to racism within the moral, legal and humanitarian limits of British and international law.
Dale Farm: The background
There has been a dangerous failure on the part of Basildon council to meet its responsibilities in its handling of provision of traveller pitches over a 10-year period.
Dale Farm was first designated as green belt land in the 1960s, even though it is a former scrap yard and of questionable environmental value.
Planning permission was later obtained for much of the land as a traveller site.
In 1994 home secretary Michael Howard's changes to the Public Order Act criminalised unauthorised encampment and relinquished the duty of local authorities to develop traveller pitches.
Over the next 15 years, travellers flocked to Dale Farm in search of sanctuary from the stress and antagonism of a roadside existence and enforced evictions.
The encampment spread beyond the development line incurring the wrath of local residents who used this to legitimise anti-traveller feeling.
The 2004 Housing Act reinstated the legal requirement for local authorities to make provision for additional traveller pitches.
Until Eric Pickles's Localism Bill is passed, this ruling prevails.
Traveller pitches are designated social housing units and included in affordable housing targets.
Despite promises from then secretary of state John Prescott that additional places would be found in Basildon, not one new pitch was created.
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SOCIAL- CAPITALISM MAKES US GREEDY
Updated: 20 Sep 2011
Wrong to describe greed as 'basic human instinct'
Monday 19 September 2011
I am grateful for the kind comments, but I did try to apply Marxism and not logic despite what Faysal Mikdadi says.
I did not attribute a morality to the appropriation of surplus value and it would be inappropriate to attribute a morality to a material occurrence.
This uneasiness is developed by suggesting that I indicated "there does appear to be an" antagonistic relationship between capital and labour and then goes on to describe what appears to be a non-antagonistic relationship for "the fairest system in an imperfect world."
Let me introduce Faysal to the first law of dialectical materialism - the unity of opposites - appearance and essence.
The morality of our socio-economic system stresses that the appropriation by capital of surplus value created by labour appears to be fair, thereby denying the essence of that relationship being antagonistic.
I dealt with "capitalist greed" by referring to the co-operative model to minimise the excessive profiteering of finance capital and Faysal might like to visit Lenin's New Economic Plan.
It is unfortunate that, in printing my letter, the sentence "It has become necessary to end the debate of the relationship of the Labour Party and the Communist Party of Britain and encourage the involvement of the whole labour movement in the affairs the Labour Party to become the next government with a view to begin to build socialism to meet the needs of working people which the current government and socio-economic system can no longer do," was not printed.
I was not referring to communism, but socialism.
I will finish by stating there is no such thing as "the basic human instinct of greed" and conjuring it up avoids dealing with the consequences of the appropriation by capital of surplus value created by labour.
Peter Smith Stanford-le-Hope
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SOCIAL- DAMIEN GREEN'S FINAL SELECTION
Updated: 20 Sep 2011
Family migration to the UK:
the poor need not apply
Last week's speech by Immigration Minister Damian Green on family migration should act as a call to action for the many people concerned by the recent Family Migration consultation - here's our summary to help you to meet the deadline of 6th October.
The means for doing so is laid out in the UKBA's ongoing Family Migration Consultation, which we outlined in a blog earlier this summer.
If its proposals are put into practice, additional barriers would be put in place for non-EU spouses and partners, justified here as 'supporting integration'.
This would include making all spouses wait for 5 years instead of the current 2 before they can apply for settlement.
But there is a fundamental flaw in government thinking here.
Measures which make people more insecure do not promote integration – quite the opposite.
Aside from these over-arching measures, it would be applicants who are from poor countries, couples whose nationalities lead them to be viewed as 'at risk' of a sham marriage, or family members whose UK sponsors are not well-off, who would bear the brunt of these proposals.
A wide range of measures would have impacts on perfectly genuine couples who find themselves disadvantaged by these rule changes.
In particular the proposals to raise the income threshold for sponsoring a spouse or dependent to above that of Income Support in the UK; to increase costly paperwork for spouse/partner applicants and sponsors, and plans to introduce a new 'attachment requirement' where applicants must prove their long-term relationship with the UK would hit many, less well-off migrants harder than others.
The government also envisages greater controls for foreign nationals wishing to marry in the UK.
New measures would particularly target nationalities envisaged as 'high risk', by increasing UKBA enforcement measures at the point of application and on the day of marriage.
Further out-sourcing of immigration enforcement is being envisaged, including introducing new registrars who also have UKBA enforcement powers, and engaging local authorities in verifying marriage applications.
These proposals risk creating chaos and would increase the likelihood of discrimination against certain nationalities on the basis of assumption rather than evidence.
Both the consultation and the minister's speech made clear that the government would like to be able to waive the right to a family life as provided for in Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights in certain circumstances (in particular for those who have insecure immigration status).
At this stage these proposals look like hot air as the government would be legally unable to wriggle free from ECHR obligations – but they do indicate the direction of travel in government thinking. for these proposals.
In this light it is more vital than ever that all concerned about the Family Migration Consultation put in their response by 6th October 2011.
You can find the MRN response here – do use it as a template if that is useful.
And if you put your response online, send us the link so we can make it available. As ever, numbers of respondents are counted by the UKBA, so no efforts are wasted.
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SOCIAL- "LAST NIGHT I HAD THE STRANGEST DREAM"
Updated: 26 Aug 2011
Community spirit needs to be regained
Thursday 25 August 2011
by Paul Donovan
There has been much focus on retribution in the aftermath of the riots in England. The courts have handed out some truly draconian sentences for what in the normal run of things would be considered minor offences.
Some politicians have even attempted to climb onto the moral high ground to talk about single parents, family breakdown and so on.
What next? Bankers on how to live frugally?
Some rather more useful comments came from east London priest John Armitage who spoke of the greed and selfishness in society and the demise of family life.
Oldham priest Phil Sumner pointed out that simply vilifying those who committed the crimes will achieve nothing beyond making matters worse.
"People don't accept the values of society until they value themselves.
They feel excluded by society and left behind, so they don't care what society says," said Sumner, who lamented the growing marginalisation of sectors of Britain's society.
Picking up on the family theme, Housing Justice chief executive Alison Gelder expressed her exasperation that "no-one talks about the need to find a way out of the situation we are in where, even if there are two devoted parents, they both have to work full time just to afford a decent home.
"I want a world where parents can afford to choose to be at home with and for their children, right up to school leaving age," she said.
Family breakdown, community disintegration and the increasingly alienated class of people who do not share in the wealth of our celebrity-led culture all form part of the problem.
Work has been lauded as a far more superior function to bringing up children. Indeed in most cases both parents have to work in order to raise children.
A recent survey found that the average child spends just 40 minutes a day with their parent.
The binding ideology that determines the society in which we live is market capitalism.
It is a machine that has come to dominate everyone's lives.
If you do not serve the machine you have no part in the society or value to it.
Other attributes of the most recent form of neoliberal capitalism have seen the promotion of greed as a virtue.
When in the 1980s Oliver Stone made his film Wall Street, the intention was that the main character Gordon Gekko would be viewed as the epitome of all that is bad in society.
The phrase "greed is good" became synonymous with the character. However, instead of exposing the appalling society being created, the Gekko figure became a role model for many in the banking and trading worlds.
Roll on 25 years and we had the banking crisis. Now the riots - "I am what I have and if I cannot get it through 'legitimate means,' I'll take it anyway."
The evolution of the neoliberal market economic system has seen the rich get richer, while the mass of poor get poorer.
The polarisation of rich and poor has now reached epic proportions. The workforce is now made up of people working longer for less pay.
Family life has been one of the main casualties of this process.
If society really wants to get to grips with the problems thrown up by the riots then a new economic system must be developed with different values.
People not profit must be put first.
Family life should become a central tenet of this model.
This is not to be confused with the idea of a model family.
Whether a child is brought up by single parents or two parents doesn't matter.
What does matter is that space is made for parenting and bringing up children.
The role of the parent must be recognised, rewarded and celebrated.
Community needs rebuilding. The society must get away from this puerile self-seeking individualism.
Giving something to the community should be lauded.
Schools and education have a role to play.
Education should be open to all for free and for all of their lives, something people can step in and out of.
Schools should not just be exam factories preparing the child to become a cog in a corporate wheel.
Failure to address these issues will lead to more riots and a truly ugly society.
The super-rich will retire to their gated communities protected by security companies, while disorder reigns beyond the gates.
The margins will grow, with the prison populations expanding.
More lives will be wasted.
The choice is stark - begin putting our society back together again, which requires a new economic model, or continue towards the abyss, blaming individual criminality and gang culture.
For more of Paul Donovan's writing visit www.paulfdonovan.blogspot.com
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SOCIAL- POPULATION CHANGES
Updated: 23 Aug 2011
Populations
End of history and the last woman
Aug 22nd 2011, 15:02 by The Economist online
How long do countries have until their populations disappear?
As The Economist reports this week, many women in the richer parts of Asia have gone on “marriage strike”, preferring the single life to the marital yoke.
That is one reason why their fertility rates have fallen.
And they are not alone. In 83 countries and territories around the world, according to the United Nations, women will not have enough daughters to replace themselves, unless fertility rates rise.
In Hong Kong, for example, a cohort of 1,000 women would be expected to give birth to just 547 daughters, at today’s fertility rates.
(That gives Hong Kong a “net reproduction rate” of just 0.547, in the language of demographers.)
If nothing changed, those 547 daughters would be succeeded by just 299 daughters of their own, and so on.
At that rate, according to some back-of-the-envelope calculations by The Economist, it would take about 25 generations for Hong Kong’s female population to shrink from 3.75m to just one.
Given that Hong Kong’s average age of childbearing is 31.4 years, it could expect to give birth to its last woman in the year 2798.
(That is some time after its neighbour, Macau, which has a higher reproduction rate, but a much smaller population.)
By the same unflinching logic, Japan, Germany,Russia, Italy and Spain will not see out the next millennium.
Even China, which has a recorded history stretching back at least 3,700 years, has only about 1,500 years left—if present trends continued unbroken.

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SOCIAL- BLAME MEN FOR BAD WOMEN ?
Updated: 23 Aug 2011
How our not-so-better halves
leave us with their bad habits
- 'Men are usually the bad influence'
By Mail Foreign Service
Last updated at 9:00 AM on 20th August 2011
Smoker? You're likely to influence your partner to pick up the habit.
You may have married them for their sparkling conversation, good looks and sharp sense of humour.
But pay close attention to your spouse's less attractive qualities – because they're the ones that are going to rub off on you.
According to a study, once you've tied the knot you're likely to pick up your partner's bad habits.
Exchange vows with a heavy smoker or a junk food addict, therefore, and you're at risk of developing the same vice.
Or if you're an exercise fanatic who promises to love, honour and obey a couch potato, they'll probably convince you to stay on the sofa.
While previous studies have generally associated stable relationships with good health, researchers in the U.S. found that couples who walk down the aisle are likely to adopt one another's vices instead of helping each other to change.
And it's men who are almost always identified as the 'bad influence' on their other halves.
Professor Corinne Reczek, who led the study at the University of Cincinnati, said:
'The finding that one partner is a direct bad influence suggests individuals converge in health habits across the course of their relationship, because one individual's unhealthy habits directly promote the other's unhealthy habits.'
For example, she added, both partners would eat the fatty foods that the less health-conscious of the pair had purchased.
The researchers carried out in-depth interviews with 122 men and women who were married or involved in long-term relationships.
The couples had been together for between eight and 52 years and were questioned about their smoking, drinking, food consumption, sleep patterns, exercise and other health habits.
Professor Reczek, who will present the findings at a health meeting in Las Vegas next week, said: 'Particular attention was paid to how partners shaped each of these habits.'
The researchers reported that they noticed a 'discourse of personal responsibility' among the participants – meaning that if they observed their partner indulging in an unhealthy habit, they did not attempt to stop them, suggesting that they were complicit in sustaining their partner's vices.
'Discourse of personal responsibility': Participants did not attempt to curtail their partners' unhealthy habits. Picture posed by model
Professor Reczek said: 'While previous research focuses nearly exclusively on how intimate relationships – particularly marriage – are health-promoting, these findings extend this research to argue that intimate partners are cognisant of the ways in which they promote the unhealthy habits of one another.'
The findings also apply to gay and lesbian couples, but in these cases it was more difficult to identify the 'bad influence' because the vices of both partners were 'simultaneously promoted'.
Professor Reczek said: 'For these individuals, one partner may not engage in what they consider an unhealthy habit on their own, but when their desire for such a habit is matched by their partner's, they partake in unhealthy habits.'
Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2028097/How-better-halves-leave-bad-habits.html#ixzz1VouR1Rfg
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SOCIAL- THE END OF AGEING : LIFE BEGINS AT 90
Updated: 17 Aug 2011
The end of ageing: Why life begins at 90
Live long enough and your body stops ageing – so can we learn to stop the clock before our twilight years?
See gallery: "Secrets of the centenarians: Life begins at 100"
IN 1939, British statisticians Major Greenwood and J. O. Irwin published a little-noticed article in the journal Human Biology. Not only was 1939 a bad year for making scientific history, their article contained some fearsome mathematics, guaranteed to scare away most biologists and doctors.
The article also contained a profoundly unexpected discovery.
Greenwood and Irwin were studying mortality figures for women aged 93 and over.
They expected to see the death rate rising with age, as it does throughout adult life.
But they did not. Instead, between 93 and 100 years of age the acceleration in death rates came to a screeching stop.
Little old ladies aged 99 were no more likely to die than those aged 93.
Even the authors were dismayed.
"At first sight this must seem a preposterous speculation," they wrote. After all, like every other respectable biologist of the time, they assumed that "decay must surely continue".
But what if it doesn't?
What if ageing stops?
And if it stops very late in our lives, is there any way we can make it stop earlier, when we are in better health?
The idea that ageing stops makes very little intuitive sense.
The fact of ageing has been well known to biology and medicine from their earliest days. Aristotle wrote a good book on the topic more than 2300 years ago.
Like pretty much every biologist since then, he thought of ageing as a remorseless process of falling apart, until death finally puts us out of our misery.
Present molecular and cell theories of ageing still assume that ageing is a physiological process involving some type of cumulative damage, disrepair or disharmony.
The theories differ only over which specific kind of cumulative breakdown happens.
Evolutionary biologists like myself who work on ageing likewise used to think that we were studying how natural selection might allow the cumulative damage to happen.
All that started to change in 1992, when the labs of Jim Carey at the University of California, Davis, and Jim Curtsinger at the University of Minnesota independently published landmark articles in the journal Science (vol 258, p 457 and p 461).
One big problem with the 1939 research was that Greenwood and Irwin were using human data, and humans are bad experimental animals.
People aren't willing to live in laboratory cages - and they live a long time.
They also tend to live out the latter part of their lives in relative comfort.
Perhaps the levelling off of mortality was merely an effect of the benefits of nursing care.
Dropping like flies
Carey and Curtsinger studied not humans but those stalwarts of the lab, flies - hundreds of thousands of them.
They kept groups of thousands of flies of the same age in carefully controlled conditions and meticulously recorded the death of every single fly until the whole group was dead.
Amazingly, they found the same thing as Greenwood and Irwin: at first the mortality rate increased exponentially, but after a few weeks death rates stopped rising.
Some of Carey's results were breathtaking: once death rates levelled off, there were months of stable or even declining death rates (see diagram). It looked as if a relatively brief period of ageing was followed by a long plateau when ageing stopped. This time, everybody noticed.
Soon other biologists were looking for signs of life after ageing.
To our collective astonishment, they were found in every laboratory experiment of sufficient size, whether flies, nematode worms or beetles.
Admittedly, there aren't very many studies that have used large enough cohorts to see the effect, and nobody has done it in mice or other mammals.
But that merely showed why we hadn't noticed it before: almost no one had thought to keep large enough cohorts to measure death rates at later ages accurately.
Once we started doing experiments on the right scale, it was obvious that what Greenwood and Irwin found in their old ladies was generally true: look late enough in the ageing process and it seems to stop.
There is a "third phase" of life after adulthood characterised by stable mortality rates. And that just didn't make sense.
For me, as an evolutionary biologist who had been working on ageing for 15 years prior to 1992, confronting the Carey and Curtsinger results was like a near-death experience. My mind reeled.
At the time my view of ageing as unrelenting decline was informed by the work of the great evolutionary theorist William Hamilton, specifically his 1966 mathematical model of how the ageing process evolved (Journal of Theoretical Biology, vol 12, p 12).
Hamilton reasoned that in early life, any gene that kills an organism before it can reproduce will be ruthlessly weeded out by natural selection, since that individual will fail to leave offspring.
But genes that kill only later in life are not weeded out as rigorously, so they can hang around in the population.
By this reckoning, ageing evolved as a result of "declining forces of natural selection" as individuals get older.
Evolutionists universally interpreted this as proof that unrelenting ageing was inevitable.
Our basic interpretation of Hamilton's work was that once an individual reached an age at which bad genes have no further impact on reproductive success, the protective force of natural selection would reach zero and survival would completely collapse. It was supposed to be like walking off a cliff.
Yet here we were with evidence that ageing actually stopped.
I spent two uneasy years thinking about the problem.
Then I had an idea; a hopeful speculation.
What if our interpretation of Hamilton's work was wrong?
What if ageing was actually caused by the declining forces of natural selection?
If so, once these forces bottomed out, the ageing process too would stop.
I did not have a full explanation - it was just an intuition. But I knew how to test it.
My colleague Larry Mueller is a gifted computer modeller and statistician, as well as an evolutionist. Plus his office is next to mine.
I asked him to run some computer models of the ageing process incorporating this new interpretation of Hamilton's mathematics.
My hope was that under some circumstances, evolution might allow ageing to stop late in life, at least theoretically.
The surprising thing was that in every case we ran, ageing came to a stop.
It looked like the conclusion that evolutionary theory required unending ageing was wrong. Quite the opposite, in fact (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol 93, p 15294).
So we decided to push the idea further. Could we predict the evolution of different stopping points for ageing?
Again, the answer was yes. It turned out that the last age at which a population is allowed to reproduce over many generations is key.
If reproduction stops earlier, so too does ageing.
Stop reproduction later and ageing follows suit.
So not only did we have a theory of why ageing could stop, we could test it experimentally.
Now the burden was on me and my lab. Fortunately I already had dozens of fly populations in which we had tightly controlled last ages of reproduction for hundreds of generations.
We compared the ageing patterns of these different populations in extremely large experiments featuring months of daily observations of many thousands of flies by hundreds of students. No one else had done anything on this scale.
Not for nothing do the people in my department call my lab "the sweatshop".
The results were striking.
Exactly as the models predicted, populations with an earlier last age of reproduction stopped ageing earlier and lived longer, and vice versa (Evolution, vol 56, p 1982).
That was encouraging, but it did not rule out another interpretation that Greenwood and Irwin first offered in 1939. Perhaps the end of ageing is an illusion caused by individual differences in robustness.
In each population of flies there are a few Supermen, a few Woody Allens, and everything in between. The feeble die off first, leaving only the super-robust.
These would be the sole survivors at later ages, making it look as if ageing has sharply decelerated.
Biologists have been looking for this "lifelong heterogeneity" for years, but have yet to find it. My doctoral student Cassie Rauser did a series of experiments but found only evidence against it.
For now, only the model that Mueller and I proposed has significant experimental support.
We still don't have a full explanation of the underlying genetics of the cessation of ageing. One possibility is that there are genes that are advantageous early on but damaging to health later in life - an effect called "antagonistic pleiotropy".
We are making progress on this, but in any case the fruit fly experiments tell us that the effect is real.
We now understand that ageing is not a cumulative process of progressive chemical damage, like rust. It is a pattern of declining function produced by evolution.
Aristotle was wrong, and so are all the present-day biologists who try to explain ageing in terms of biochemistry or cell biology alone.
All this work on life after ageing is documented in detail in the book Does Aging Stop?. But it is only the start of what I see as a revolution in our understanding of ageing - and our manipulation of it.
A decade ago, I proposed that it would be more useful if we could stop ageing early rather than slow its progression.
The effect on lifespan, and still more on "healthspan", would be much greater.
If we could stop human ageing in middle rather than old age - which is what happens in flies - useful and enjoyable life could be extended indefinitely and the health burdens of decrepitude avoided.
Back then I had no idea how to bring that about.
Now, in Does Aging Stop? and at my website 55theses.org, we have proposed one way by which it might be possible.
The starting point is the idea that the forces of natural selection decline with age. That means you are best adapted to your environment when you are young, and less so when you are old.
Or to put it another way, ageing can be seen as progressive decline in adaptedness as you get older.
But this is not the only factor. Building adaptations takes time, particularly in response to environmental change. So environmental change can add to the decline in adaptation, and thus health, with age.
This is very relevant to humans. It is only relatively recently that our species underwent a major environmental change - the switch to an agricultural way of life and a diet based on grasses and dairy produce.
This, I propose, may be the reason we make the shift to a post-ageing life at such a late age.
Given the declining forces of natural selection, we can expect to be well adapted to agricultural diet at early ages but less so at later ages. This has the effect of amplifying the decline in adaptedness that we experience as we get older.
On top of that, the adoption of an agricultural way of life may have increased human fertility at later ages and pushed back the last age at reproduction - and we know from the fly experiments that this can lead to a later transition to the late-life plateau.
To improve the course of our ageing, and to stop it earlier, we need to pay close attention to our evolutionary history. This is of course complicated, but there are a few guidelines that offer possibilities.
The simplest human evolutionary history is that of individuals whose ancestors never lived under agricultural or industrial conditions.
This is a small minority, but their ageing is important for understanding the possibilities for the rest of us.
People from Papua New Guinea, whose ancestors were only exposed to agricultural foods and lifestyles during the past century, will not be well-adapted to them.
In his 2009 book Food and Western Disease, Staffan Lindeberg of the University of Lund in Sweden documents the health benefits such people can reap by reverting to their ancestral hunter-gatherer diets.
Calculations Larry Mueller did for Does Aging Stop? support the idea that people with hunter-gatherer ancestry should be able to stop ageing much earlier by switching to their ancestral lifestyle and diet.
For the rest of us the picture is more complicated, as we are somewhat adapted to agricultural diets thanks to our ancestors' exposure to them over the past 10,000 years.
But the greater force of natural selection at early ages implies that we are best adapted to this environment when we are young, perhaps under 30.
At later ages, there may have been too few generations of natural selection, and natural selection may not have been strong enough, to adapt us to that lifestyle.
So it may be beneficial to our health to switch to the diet and activity levels of hunter-gatherers.
I have been following such a diet - essentially avoiding grass-derived foods, such as grains, rice, corn and sugar cane, and anything made from milk - for two years and the results have been good.
I am not suggesting that everyone, at every age, should adopt a Stone-Age diet, as those who embrace the "Paleo" doctrine advocate. We are well-adapted to wheat, rice and corn when we are young and can eat them with impunity.
But, I propose, not when we are older. The benefits for most of us will probably not be as dramatic as those for people who have no agricultural ancestry.
But even reduced benefits offer the possibility of warming the chilly draughts of death.
The existence of an age at which human ageing stops is no longer questionable, nor is its potential malleability.
The discovery that ageing stops suggest that the age-old desire to radically extend the human lifespan is a real possibility.
See gallery: "Secrets of the centenarians: Life begins at 100"
Michael R. Rose is professor of evolutionary biology at the University of California, Irvine. For more on this topic, consult Does Aging Stop? by Laurence D. Mueller, Casandra L. Rauser and Michael R. Rose (Oxford University Press). For a less technical but still extensive discussion, visit 55theses.org
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SOCIAL- UK RIOTS - "THE LOOTERS"-- ROUGH JUSTICE
Updated: 16 Aug 2011
UK riots:
Why respectable people turned to looting
RADICAL REMINDS- ROUGH JUSTICE -EVEN MP'S ARE "THE LOOTERS"- CHEATING THE PUBLIC PURSE WITH ILLEGAL EXPENSES CLAIMS- SO WHY WERE THEY ALL NOT BROUGHT BEFORE THE COURTS ?
A millionaire's daughter, a school teaching assistant and a lifeguard are hardly the sort of people you'd have expected to get caught up in the wave of violent looting that hit the UK earlier this week.
So what drives privileged or seemingly virtuous people to do bad things?
As those responsible for the disturbances begin to appear in court, it is becoming clear that the looters were not all out-of-control teenagers with nothing to lose.
They came from a variety of backgrounds, and in some cases have expressed horror and regret at what they did.
"It's a classic demonstration of the power of the situation," says Ayelet Fishbach, a behavioural scientist at the University of Chicago, Illinois.
"People in a group follow the group's norms."
The most famous example of this was the so-called Stanford prison experiment in 1971, in which students selected for their healthy psychological state were recruited to play the roles of prison guards and prisoners.
The experiment was stopped after just six days because many of the "inmates" had been pushed to the point of emotional breakdown by the "guards".
There are more recent examples, too.
Studies of terrorists have found that often they are neither extremely poor, nor do they suffer from personality disorders.
Not mindless
The fact that many of those caught up in the UK rioting were middle-class "is only really a surprise if you buy into the view that rioting is the preserve of mindless members of a subhuman underclass who are suffering from a range of delusions and pathologies", says Alex Haslam of the University of Exeter, UK.
"These are normal people that ended up in abnormal groups," says Fishbach.
And once part of a group, a process called deindividuation means that people often give up their personal identity and values.
"With the loss of personal identity and the feeling that they are not identifiable, they lose their social responsibility and engage in antisocial behaviours," says Fishbach.
However, Clarke McCauley of Bryn Mawr College in Pennsylvania believes another factor may also have been at play: "If you watch others looting and getting richer, you are seeing them get ahead of you," he says.
"It is not just the free reward value of looting that moves people, it is fear of falling behind."
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SOCIAL-BABY BLOOMERS ?-WHY DID THE STATE MACHINE FAIL TO VOTE FOR COMPULSORY EUTHANASIA AT 65 ?
Updated: 08 Aug 2011
Generations Apart:
have Baby Boomers ruined Britain?
Ahead of Generations Apart,
a major Radio 4 documentary,
Ed Howker assesses the different pressures
faced by old and young.
By Ed Howker
7:30AM BST 08 Aug 2011
I’ve always felt rather sorry for the 14 interviewees who feature in the Seven Up! series of documentaries.
You’ll be familiar with the format: every seven years, film director Michael Apted chases them down, plonks a camera in front of them and asks searching, intimate questions about their careers, families and values.
They are wonderful documentaries but highly invasive – the contours of the subjects’ lives expertly traced and broadcast for the nation’s viewing pleasure.
The programmes began in 1964, when all the subjects were just seven years old and Apted was a humble researcher on World in Action. Since then, he has directed a Bond movie and is an all-round Hollywood big shot.
Of all those involved in that original programme, it is one of the men off camera who has most obviously flourished.
There’s a lesson in there somewhere.
Fi Glover and Beth Eastwood, the respective presenter and producer of Generations Apart, have “refreshed” Apted’s documentary idiom for Radio 4.
In their version, a two-parter that begins on Monday, those interviewed are drawn from across Britain and have had wildly different life experiences.
Unlike the Seven Up! films, however, this time the subjects are to be interviewed annually over the course of just three years and are members of two different generations.
The group who appear in episode one are first-wave Baby Boomers born in 1946 and now heading for retirement.
The second programme features 21 year-olds at the beginning of their working lives.
We’re introduced to David and Sandra, who took early retirement, got cancer, beat cancer and now compete, ever-so-proudly, in triathlons, and to Kwebena, who was raised in a foster home, has recently come out and is now a seriously talented soul singer hoping to make it big.
There are powerful examples of quiet heroism in the programmes – the husband caring for a wife ravaged by Alzheimer’s – and even more quiet desperation – several Boomers eager to keep working who have been pressured into retirement.
The issue is certainly in the zeitgeist. In the last year, half a dozen books have been written about it, including Jilted Generation: How Britain Has Bankrupted Its Youth, which I co-wrote with Shiv Malik.
There is now a think tank too – The Intergenerational Foundation.
The older group in the programme admit that the young are having a hard time. They are less keen to recognise that things are relatively easier for them than for previous retirees.
More often they express concerns about pension shortfalls.
In fact, Britain’s current crop of pensioners are richer and more numerous than ever and they have a lust for life.
“Age doesn’t mean a thing these days,” explains one.
“Having reached this magic age of 65, I won’t let it define me,” says another.
I suppose the story of the Baby Boomers is of a generation that refused to be defined – by the constraints of class in the Fifties, of old-fashioned social attitudes in the Sixties and now, it seems, even by the length of time they have spent on planet Earth.
The natural conclusion of the Boomers’ story is surely that they don’t die but just grow ever older (and richer).
What’s mortality but another outdated orthodoxy ripe for confounding?
Of course, keeping people alive for longer, if desirable, is an expensive business.
Healthcare costs will double in the coming decades. Pension costs will grow even more rapidly.
And, since the Government has made scant provision for these, the generation that “won’t let age define them” will, with delicious irony, rely on a younger generation to pick up the tax bill.
Given this, you might expect a few of the 21-year-old interviewees to subscribe to David Willetts’ thesis that “the Baby Boomers have stolen their children’s future”. Not so.
Some recognised that their elders had done everything possible to equip them for adult life but almost all seemed merrily ignorant of the demographic trouble brewing.
When trainee teacher Nickael is asked about retirement, for example, she says: “At 65, I’ll be sitting down on an easy chair, watching my grandkids.”
In reality, she will still be working.
Like Nickael, almost all those interviewed hope for decent work, stable housing, a contented family life.
And perhaps this is the greatest difference between the two groups: the generation that defied the stifling mores of their age begat a generation who are working harder to get the most basic things in life and, as a result, are becoming slaves to convention.
I don’t think anyone expected this.
When the oldest interviewees in Generations Apart reached adulthood housing was cheap and jobs were plentiful.
Now more than one million young people are unemployed. Increasing longevity alone does not explain what has happened.
I think politics does.
We now live in an age of free-market orthodoxy, of globalisation, with a domestic economy that even die-hard Tories are starting to think doesn’t operate in the interests of the majority.
The result is that people’s lives are much more unstable, jobs are exported, many more are temporary or part-time and the building blocks of adulthood are now harder to connect.
And older workers are even more likely to be piled on to the scrapheap.
In one way or another, every story in Generations Apart has been shaped by this orthodoxy.
And contrary to that title, I think we’re all in this together now.
Generations Apart is on Radio 4 on Monday and Tuesday at 9.00am. Ed Howker is the co-author, with Shiv Malik, of Jilted Generation: How Britain Has Bankrupted Its Youth
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SOCIAL- GAP BETWEEN RICH AND POOR GROWING INTO OLD AGE AND THE AGED ARE GETTING OLDER
Updated: 05 Aug 2011
Longevity in life 'will bring greater inequalities'
Thursday 04 August 2011
An increase in the number of people living to 100 could bring greater inequalities to Britain, TUC leader Brendan Barber warned today.
Mr Barber said the gap between how long better off people lived compared with those on low incomes was already growing.
The Department for Work and Pensions found that 20-year-olds are three times more likely to reach their 100th birthdays than their grandparents and twice as likely as their parents.
A baby born this year is almost eight times more likely to reach 100 than one born 80 years ago, the department said.
Mr Barber said: "The government is right to say that increased longevity raises important policy changes.
But what is missing from today's prediction of increased numbers living past 100 is that this could well bring greater inequalities.
"Already the gap is growing between how long the better off can expect to live compared to those on low incomes.
This can only get worse without strong policies for social justice.
This is as much a fairness challenge as a pension challenge."
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SOCIAL- 72 CHARGED FOR ONLINE INTERNATIONAL CHILD SEX ABUSE
Updated: 03 Aug 2011
Child abuse website investigation brings multiple arrests
Dreamboard bulletin trading in thousands of images to promote paedophilia causes 43 US arrests with 72 charged worldwide
- Associated Press
- guardian.co.uk, Wednesday 3 August 2011 21.41 BST
Seventy-two people have been charged with participating in an international child abuse network that prosecutors say used an online bulletin board called Dreamboard to trade tens of thousands of images and videos of sexually abused children.
Attorney General Eric Holder and Homeland security secretary Janet Napolitano said on Wednesday that a 20-month law enforcement effort called Operation Delego targeted more than 600 Dreamboard members around the world for allegedly participating in the private, members-only internet club created to promote paedophilia.
Numerous participants in the network sexually abused children ages 12 and under, produced images and video of the abuse and then shared it with other club members, according to court papers released in the case.
Of the 72 charged in the United States, 43 have been arrested there, and nine in other countries. Another 20 are known to authorities only by their internet names and remain at large.
Authorities have arrested people in 13 other countries Canada, Denmark, Ecuador, France, Germany, Hungary, Kenya, the Netherlands, the Philippines, Qatar, Serbia, Sweden and Switzerland, but some of those were arrested on local rather than the US charges.
At a news conference at the Justice Department, the attorney general called the criminal activity a "nightmare for the children" and said that some of the children featured in the images and videos were just infants.
In many cases, the children being victimised were in obvious, and intentional, pain – just as the rules for one area of the bulletin board mandated, the attorney general said.
Napolitano said the amount of child abuse material swapped by participants in the network was massive, the equivalent to 16,000 DVDs.
To conceal their conduct, members used screen names rather than actual names and accessed the bulletin board via proxy servers, with internet traffic routed through other computers to disguise a user's location, according to the court papers.
Participants were required to continually upload images of child sexual abuse to maintain their membership.
Participants who molested children and created new images of child abuse were placed in a "Super VIP" category that gave them access to the entire quantity of child abuse on the bulletin board, the court papers stated.
A "super hardcore" section of the bulletin board was limited to posts showing adults having violent sexual intercourse with "very young kids" subjected to physical and sexual abuse.
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SOCIAL - HOW TO KEEP UP WITH THE WINDSORS ? CALL THEM SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA ?
Updated: 27 Jul 2011
Radical
You don't have to be British to answer this question,just well-read:
The family can use Windsor or Mountbatten-Windsor as a surname The Queen is of The Royal House of Windsor.
The name originally was Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.
The name was changed in 1917 after George V's German cousin,Kaiser Wilhelm bombed London using 24 twin-engined GOTHA warplanes.
The name has been WINDSOR since 1917;all German titles and names were changed into British titles and names.
Philip is of The Royal House of Schelswig-Holstein-Sonderburg- Glucksburg.
How to keep up with the Windsors
Formal, not fawning, is the key to marrying into the Royal family - just ask rugby star Mike Tindall.
By Christopher Middleton
6:30AM BST 27 Jul 2011
A variety of emotions have been stirred up by the revelation that soon-to-be-groom Mike Tindall, the England rugby star, and his mother Linda, only ever address the Princess Royal, his fiancée’s mother, as “Ma’am”.
On the one hand, mothers-in-law all over the country will be secretly wishing that they, too, might receive similar deference from the new arrivals in their family. On the other, they will also be wondering how they would feel if required to address the mother of their son or daughter’s spouse by her title, rather than her name.
The words “Who does she think she is, royalty?” might not be far away from their lips. To which the answer, in the case of Zara Phillips’s mum is: “Yes. She is.”
At the same time, the Ma’amgate disclosures will set the rest of the country contemplating, once again, what it must be like to marry into a family where p’s and q’s have to be watched not just round the house, but round the clock.
“It has to be the in-law relationship from hell,” says Sarah Gristwood, co-author of The Ring and the Crown. “How are you going to keep up with those particular Joneses? For example, when the Queen Mother, at that point merely Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, was marrying the Duke of York, her family had started to make all preparations for the wedding, only to be moved aside, so that the royal household could take over.
It’s not just the wedding itself, of course. No one seriously expected the Middletons to book Westminster Abbey, hire a few hundred horseguards and close down the centre of London as well as block-book the Goring Hotel. It’s what happens once the fish slices and toasters have been stowed for a few months, and normal social interaction resumes.
At Christmas, for example, is it going to be one year at Sandringham, the next all hugger-mugger at the Middletons’ place? You imagine not. Just as the parents of Sparta used to give up their sons to the military from an early age, so Carole and Michael Middleton have handed over their little girl to royalty.
Not that they will have been informed about this officially. Practically all outsiders who have married into the Royal family (Diana Spencer, Sarah Ferguson et al) have ended up floundering in the Windsor soup, complaining of no formal instructions on royal procedure. Surely, in the interests of domestic harmony, there should be an HRH HR department to take new members of the Firm through bowing and curtseying, and who should precede whom down the Mall or up the aisle at Westminster Abbey. Plus, of course, when going to a wedding, the correct seating plan for the minibus (who’s the most minor Royal, and therefore has to sit up front, wedged in against the gearstick?)
“Marrying into the Royal family is like tackling the toughest obstacle course on the Duke of Edinburgh Award,” says Michael Thornton, author of Royal Feud, which lifted the lid on the antagonism between the Queen Mother and the Duchess of Windsor. “Unless one is well prepared, one is on a hiding to nothing. If you don’t happen to be an extremely tough one-off, like the Queen Mother, and refuse to be ruled by all the courtiers, then God help you.
“Those courtiers can be lethal. I put that down to the Queen having this rather extraordinary diffidence, whereby she doesn’t seem to take immediate, decisive action, thereby leaving the courtiers with more to say and do than when the Queen Mother and King George were in charge.”
Which means any new arrival who puts a foot wrong can expect to be savaged by pack of tail-coated terriers. Top of the list of gaffes is calling the Queen “marm” (to rhyme with smarm), rather than the correct “mam”, to rhyme with ham.
But that’s just the start of it. “When Lord Carnegie married Princess Maud, the grand-daughter of Edward VII, in 1923, he made the mistake of addressing Queen Mary as Aunt May, and she didn’t speak to him for the next 20 years,” says royal biographer Hugo Vickers, an adviser on the film The King’s Speech.
“That said, though, the protocol need not be as irksome as one might think. Once you’ve got the hang of it, for example, you can say quite playful things to the Queen, like: 'Oh come, Ma’am, surely not.’ So long as you insert the necessary 'Ma’am’, you get away with it.
“It’s the same with bowing. The correct way is to give a Coburg bow, from the neck downwards, not from the waist. If a member of the Royal family wants to talk to you, you need to be aware of it, not have your head hanging down round your ankles.”
And nothing puts off a monarch more than a bit of abject abasement – although too much chumminess is not always welcome. “Some people find they have got on with the Queen like a house on fire, only to discover next day that she is behaving as if that had never happened.
“I have been told that, when the Queen wants to signal that she’s had enough of speaking to you, she will adjust her handbag from one arm to the other. At which point, an equerry will have a word in your ear to the effect that the Archbishop of Canterbury, or someone, would like to meet you.”
Of course, it’s a bit more off-putting when you’re a son- or daughter-in-law chatting over breakfast. One minute, you think you’re fascinating the monarch with your analysis of the morning papers, the next she’s reaching for the handbag and you’re yesterday’s news.
There is one guaranteed way not to go wrong, though, according to Ingrid Seward, editor-in-chief of Majesty magazine. “Follow other people and you should be all right,” she says. “And don’t worry about not getting bows or curtseys right. Members of the Royal family make allowances for people who have come in from outside. When royals curtsey or bow, they make an elaborate show of it, because that is what they are brought up to do. If you’ve just married into the family, though, that exaggerated demonstration of respect is not expected.”
Indeed, one of the Middleton triumphs, say those in the know, was to show deference to the Royal family, but not make a meal of it.
“I think the Middletons have shown how it should be done, through their general passivity and simply through not doing anything too showy that might upstage the monarch, or the monarchy,” says Sarah Gristwood.
“In short, that seems to be the golden rule when joining the Royal family. If in doubt, do nothing.”
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SOCIAL- HOW ROTTEN CAN YOU FEEL IN ROTTEN BRITAIN ?
Updated: 27 Jul 2011
Wellbeing index gets the go ahead
Are people really happy in Britain today?
Or are they moving abroad
to seek personal and financial prosperity?
By Suzi Dixon and agencies
5:16PM BST 26 Jul 2011
Government plans to rate happiness in the UK have been given the go-ahead, following a positive response from the public.
Statisticians have announced that Britain's first Well-being Index indicators will be unveiled in the autumn, followed by annual life satisfaction ratings in July 2012.
200,000 people will be asked to rate, on a scale of zero to 10, their satisfaction, happiness, anxiety and belief that what they do in life is worthwhile.
More than 34,000 people responded to a national debate launched by David Cameron last November, and national statistician Jil Matheson said they were "definitely keen" to express their views on what makes life better.
"If your goal in politics is to help make a better life for people - which mine is - and if you know, both in your gut and from a huge body of evidence, that prosperity alone can't deliver a better life, then you've got to take practical steps to make sure government is properly focused on our quality of life as well as economic growth, and that is what we are trying to do," said Mr Cameron, at the campaign's launch.
Health, family, friends and job satisfaction - and not just money - emerged as key factors in making individuals happy, said the Office for National Statistics (ONS).
National Well-Being will be measured alongside Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to assess the quality of British life.
A report from Lloyds TSB International Wealth suggests that Britain is lagging behind other countries in terms of happiness.
Their poll of wealthy Britons found that only 10 per cent of respondents think the quality of life in the UK is higher than in other developed countries, while only nine per cent think people in the UK are better-off financially.
In all, 36 per cent of the high-earners surveyed said that they would like to move abroad, with14 per cent saying they were likely to leave in the next two years.
The poll of 923 people with over £250,000 of savings and investments supports a report by investment website Skandia which found only 44 per cent of wealthy Brits are certain they want to remain in the country, with eight per cent saying they are already planning to move.
“Many wealthy people are downbeat about life in the UK – from a financial perspective, and more importantly in terms of their basic quality of life,” said Nicholas Boys Smith, Managing Director at Lloyds TSB International Wealth.
“Maybe Britain needs to get serious about getting happy – certainly wealthy people think that monitoring national well-being could be a means to start improving it. Just as there’s more to life than money, there’s more to national progress than GDP.”
However, results of The Great Male Survey, published today on AskMen.com found residents in countries other than the UK reported more stress. 67 per cent of men in Canada and 50 per cent of men in Australia said anxiety about work kept them up at night, compared to 21 per cent in the UK, 21 per cent in the US and just 19 per cent in European countries
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SOCIAL- WOMEN OF FORTUNE AND MEN OF MONEY- ( THE WOMEN ARE NOT FUSSY, ANY AMOUNT OF MONEY WILL DO !
Updated: 25 Jul 2011
Britain's biggest-EVER divorce settlement awarded to ex-wife of Russian billionaire after only living together for TWO years
By Arthur Martin Created 1:28 PM on 22nd July 2011
A billionaire Russian oligarch divorced his second wife yesterday in the costliest marriage split in British legal history.
Boris Berezovsky, who did not contest the High Court case, is expected to pay his former wife Galina Besharova ‘hundreds of millions of pounds’.
The massive payment dwarfs the previous UK divorce record of £48million.
Stepping out: Boris Berezovsky and his girlfriend Yelena Gorbunova - but it is his ex-wife who will be happier at the moment
Russian oligarch Boris Berezovsky, 65, agreed to the massive payout a year after his wife Galina, 52, divorced him in a 45-second divorce on grounds of his unreasonable behaviour
Mr Berezovsky, 65, and his wife were married for 18 years, though they had effectively been separated for the last 16. The colourful tycoon, who lives in Wentworth in Surrey with his girlfriend of 15 years, Yelena Gorbunova, and their two children, agreed to the payment after admitting unreasonable behaviour.
He was granted political asylum in the UK in 2003 after surviving an assassination attempt, and remains a noted opponent of Russian prime minister Vladimir Putin. Miss Besharova, who now uses her maiden name, lives in a penthouse overlooking Kensington Palace Gardens in London with the couple’s two teenage children.
It is not known what proportion of Mr Berezovsky’s wealth she will receive – or indeed how high his worth was valued by the court. But experts said the payout will be more than £200million and could even be as high as £370million.
ROLLING IN THE MONEY - THE TOP 10 SETTLEMENTS
- Rupert and Anna Murdoch - £1billion
- Adnan and Soraya Khashoggi - £536million
- Craig and Wendy McCaw - £282million
- Roman and Irina Abramovich - £184million
- Michael and Maya Polsky - £113million
- John 'Jack' Welch and Jane Beasley - £110million
- Michael and Juanita Jordan - £103million
- Neil Diamond and Marcia Murphey - £92million
- Steven Spielberg and Amy Irving - £61million
- John and Beverly Charman - £58million
District Judge Penny Cushing granted Miss Besharova a decree nisi last year on the grounds that the marriage had ‘irretrievably broken down’ and she found it ‘intolerable’ to live with him because of his unreasonable behaviour.
In yesterday’s hearing Richard Todd, QC, told the judge the couple ‘had worked very hard to reach an amicable settlement’ of their financial dispute. Mrs Justice Eleanor King said: ‘It is completely appropriate for me to approve this order and I am very happy to do so, and my congratulations to all concerned.
‘It does not matter whether the awards are thousands of pounds or hundreds of millions of pounds.’
Neither of the couple was in court for the brief hearing. In court papers Mr Berezovsky said he had no intention of defending the petition.
The previous UK divorce record was set when insurance broker John Charman was ordered to give his former wife Beverley £48million of his £131million fortune in 2006.Frank Arndt, a lawyer at Stowe Family Law, which specialises in big money divorces, said: ‘The starting point in a long marriage such as the Berezovsky case is a 50-50 split of all matrimonial assets. This is all the capital created in a marriage, including all savings and pensions.’
However, estimates of Mr Berezovsky’s worth vary wildly. At conservative estimates of half a billion, his ex-wife would claim at least £200million.
But some calculations put his wealth at above £1billion. It is not uncommon in such cases for the wife to settle at around 37 per cent, which would give Miss Besharova £370million.
The couple met in 1981 when Mr Berezovsky was a professor of mathematics in Moscow earning £60 a month. He married Miss Besharova after divorcing his first wife, Nina, with whom he has two further children, but his second marriage hit trouble after only two years.
After working as an academic, Mr Berezovsky set himself up in business as a car dealer, founding the first Mercedes dealership in the old Soviet Union. He went to become one of the original Russian oligarchs when president Boris Yeltsin sold off state assets to favoured supporters for a fraction of their value.
When Vladimir Putin became president in 2000, Berezovsky went into opposition and fled the country after being accused of defrauding a regional government of about £8million.
He has since stated that he is on a mission to bring down Putin ‘by force’. In 2007, a Moscow court found Mr Berezovsky guilty in absentia of embezzlement.
He was sentenced to six years in jail.
Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2017681/Boris-Berezovskys-ex-wife-wins-biggest-EVER-divorce-settlement-worth-hundreds-millions.html#ixzz1T7Ehy3Mi
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SOCIAL- SIGNS YOUR GETTING OLD
Updated: 25 Jul 2011
Hate noisy pubs or groan when you bend down?
The 30 telltale signs that you're really getting old
By Daily Mail Reporter
Last updated at 1:40 AM on 23rd July 2011
Hating a noisy pub is a common sign of ageing gleaned from a poll of 2,000 respondents
If you hate noisy pubs, fall asleep in front of the TV and groan when you bend down, pour yourself a consoling glass of sherry. You’re getting old.
All those factors figure high in a list of the most common signs of ageing gleaned from a poll of 2,000 respondents.
Other key indicators include forgetting names, failing to recognise any of the songs in the Top Ten, forsaking Radio 1 for Radio 2 and that old favourite, thinking that policemen look young.
Physical signs of ageing include changes in appearance – such as ears and nose becoming more hairy while eyebrows grow wild.
The study for Engage Mutual Assurance found six out of ten respondents – from a wide age range – believed they were already exhibiting many of the characteristics which appear on the list.
One third reckoned they felt the signs of ageing between the ages of 21 and 29 – although the majority felt that 60 and above is the age at which someone can officially be classed as old.
Additionally, 64 per cent of respondents said they were worried about getting old, suffering ill health and being unable to look after themselves.
Other concerns included losing their memory (62 per cent), having no money (39 per cent) and being lonely (55 per cent).
Although 81 per cent worried about their own elderly relatives, most admitted they find it hard to make time to look after them on top of their busy lives.
Tina Clare of Engage Mutual said: ‘When we looked at what people of all ages thought about ageing, it was interesting to see to what degree it was felt that lifestyle and behaviour indicate old age.
‘While some of the high-scoring indicators may be part of the process of getting older, they are not necessarily the sole preserve of the older generation.’
Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2017872/Hate-noisy-pubs-groan-bend-The-30-telltale-signs-youre-really-getting-old.html#ixzz1T7DjCfr5
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SOCIAL- ITS MARRIAGE V'S THE STATE -THE STATE WINS EVERYTIME - THE CHILDREN ALWAYS LOSE !
Updated: 22 Jul 2011
The trend for marriage-bashing is divorced from reality
It defies common sense to believe that marriage has no positive effect.
By Cristina Odone
7:02PM BST 21 Jul 2011
Why is marriage a dirty word?
My liberal-minded acquaintances refer to their “relationships” and “partners”; but “wife” and “husband” are muttered as if uxoriousness involved wife-beating or kinky bedroom antics.
The latest in a salvo of statistical attacks on marriage comes from the Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS) which “proves” that it doesn’t ensure children’s well-being.
Doesn’t it? I detect the whiff of incinerated straw men.
What the IFS report argues is that when comparing like with like – rich, well-educated, cohabiting couples with similarly well-off, married ones – no difference in child welfare is measurable.
Admittedly the research strips out one of the factors that tends to flatter marriage: that middle-class couples are more likely both to tie the knot, and to be more stable parents.
But that is still to miss the point.
Even its strongest defenders don’t argue that marriage is a panacea.
What the IFS research misses is a far more interesting and still unsolved question: whether the proven correlation between marriage and happiness also involves causation.
In other words, is it that happy couples more often get married, or does marriage help make a couple happy?
Such research would be tricky (a properly designed experiment might have involved preventing Prince William and Kate from tying the knot, and forcing Alastair Campbell to marry his long-term partner, Fiona Millar in order to observe the effects).
There is plenty of room for more orthodox research, too.
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